Early View

Feature Articles

Harnessing Surface Wrinkle Patterns in Soft Matter (p NA)
Shu Yang, Krishnacharya Khare, Pei-Chun Lin
Published Online: Jul 29 2010 10:36AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000034

	Two distinct approaches for wrinkling and transition, including mechanical stretching/releasing of oxide/PDMS bilayers and swelling of hydrogel films confined on a rigid substrate with a depth-wise modulus gradient, are discussed. By harnessing the topographic tunability in PDMS wrinkles, various applications, including tunable adhesion, wetting, microfluidics, and microlens arrays, are demonstrated.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 1330K)
Save Article

Organically Functionalized Mesoporous Silica by Co-structure-Directing Route (p NA)
Chuanbo Gao, Shunai Che
Published Online: Jul 26 2010 1:10PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000074

	A co-structure-directing route leads to functional mesoporous silicas with diverse structures, porous properties, morphologies and functionalities, which are reviewed with mechanisms discussed in detail. Organic functional groups are distributed in a regular way following the arrangement of surfactant headgroups, which is a distinct feature of these materials.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 1560K)
Save Article

Tunable Colors in Opals and Inverse Opal Photonic Crystals (p NA)
Carlos I. Aguirre, Edilso Reguera, Andreas Stein
Published Online: Jul 20 2010 11:24AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000143

	This review article highlights different systems and mechanisms for achieving tunable color based on opaline materials with close-packed or non-close-packed structural elements and inverse opal photonic crystals like those shown on the left. Inorganic and polymeric systems such as hydrogels, metallopolymers, and elastomers are discussed.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 1077K)
Save Article

Full Papers

Specific Colorimetric Detection of Proteins Using Bidentate Aptamer-Conjugated Polydiacetylene (PDA) Liposomes (p NA)
Yun Kyung Jung, Tae Won Kim, Hyun Gyu Park, H. Tom Soh
Published Online: Jul 30 2010 10:34AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201001008

	A unique polydiacetylene (PDA) sensor functionalized with bidentate aptamers that recognize two distinct binding sites on a target protein (thrombin) is presented. This sensor exhibits significant improvement in colorimetric response for direct detection of target molecules, with a degree of specificity that suggests potential utility for analysis of complex mixtures. The bidentate aptamers lead to specific aggregation of PDA liposomes, thereby altering the absorption spectrum to yield a visually detectable colorimetric response.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 646K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Electrodeposition on Nanofibrous Polymer Scaffolds: Rapid Mineralization, Tunable Calcium Phosphate Composition and Topography (p NA)
Chuanglong He, Guiyong Xiao, Xiaobing Jin, Chenghui Sun, Peter X. Ma
Published Online: Jul 30 2010 10:34AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000993

	Flowers of bone-like mineral are grown on biodegradable polymer nanofibers under an electric field. A fast electrodeposition technique is developed in this work to fabricate mineralized nanofibrous polymer scaffolds with mineral composition, content, and topography that are tunable by varying the processing parameters. The resulting scaffold mimics the extracellular matrix of natural bone and can provide an advanced interface for bone regeneration.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 928K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Copper Azide Confined Inside Templated Carbon Nanotubes (p NA)
Valarie Pelletier, Sayan Bhattacharyya, Isabel Knoke, Farhad Forohar, Magdy Bichay, Yury Gogotsi
Published Online: Jul 30 2010 10:34AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000858

	Confinement of energetic nanomaterials such as copper azide inside AAO-templated carbon nanotubes is illustrated. Initiation of azide inside the nanotubes does not lead to tube wall fracture, and the detonation wave apparently propagates along the nanotube channel. These novel materials have potential applications as nano-detonators and provide a greener approach in eliminating lead from primary explosives.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 663K)
Save Article

Self-Assembled, Molecularly Aligned Conjugated Polymer Nanowires via Dewetting (p NA)
Shion Seng Chang, Wing C. Tsoi, Anthony M. Higgins, Ji-Seon Kim, Jessica M. Winfield, David T. James
Published Online: Jul 30 2010 10:34AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000830

	Conjugated polymer nanowires are fabricated on top of silicon/amorphous polymer substrates without using a template by dewetting of thin-films. The dewetting process aligns the polymers, and the aligned polymers suppress the Rayleigh instability enabling the formation of high aspect-ratio continuous isolated nanowires, via a low-cost self-assembly route.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 1132K)
Save Article

Aptamer-Conjugated Nanoparticles Efficiently Control the Activity of Thrombin (p NA)
Yen-Chun Shiang, Chih-Ching Huang, Tze-Hsiang Wang, Chun-Wei Chien, Huan-Tsung Chang
Published Online: Jul 30 2010 10:34AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000642

	Drug and antidote pair: Although the 29-base-long thrombin binding aptamer (TBA29) has no known enzymatic inhibitory function toward thrombin-mediated coagulation, TBA29 conjugated gold nanoparticles (TBA29-Au NPs) are found possessing ultrahigh anticoagulant potency - two orders of magnitude higher than that of free TBA29 - as a result of multivalent interactions and steric blocking effects.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 521K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Inkjet-Printed Single-Droplet Organic Transistors Based on Semiconductor Nanowires Embedded in Insulating Polymers (p NA)
Jung Ah Lim, Joo-Hyun Kim, Longzhen Qiu, Wi Hyoung Lee, Hwa Sung Lee, Donghoon Kwak, Kilwon Cho
Published Online: Jul 30 2010 10:34AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000528

	Inkjet-printed single-droplet organic transistors based on semiconductor nanowires embedded in insulating polymers are successfully demonstrated by controlling relative solubility of the semiconducting component in a blend solution. The efficient charge transport in the crystalline semiconductor nanowires and the encapsulation of these nanowires in insulating polymer matrix significantly improve the current-voltage characteristics and environmental stability of the printed transistors.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 633K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

An Alternative Approach to Constructing Solution Processable Multifunctional Materials: Their Structure, Properties, and Application in High-Performance Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (p NA)
Shanghui Ye, Yunqi Liu, Kun Lu, Weiping Wu, Chunyan Du, Ying Liu, Hongtao Liu, Ti Wu, Gui Yu
Published Online: Jul 30 2010 10:34AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000474

	A new approach is taken to constructing solution processable small molecules comprising rigid and bulky fluorene and carbazole moieties in a highly twisted configuration, resulting in excellent solubility as well as chemical miscibility, without the need to introduce any alkyl or alkoxy chain solubilizing group.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 655K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Dimer-Based Three-Dimensional Photonic Crystals (p NA)
Ian D. Hosein, Stephanie H. Lee, Chekesha M. Liddell
Published Online: Jul 30 2010 10:34AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000134

	A full photonic bandgap between the eighth and ninth bands is determined for nonspherical colloidal dimers self-assembled into 3D monoclinic crystals by controlled drying. The pseudogap between bands 2 and 3 for spherocylinder-based crystals is also probed using normal incidence reflection spectroscopy. The scale bar represents 1 m.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 1112K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Asymmmetric Diamino Functionalization of Nanotubes Assisted by BOC Protection and Their Epoxy Nanocomposites (p NA)
Yao Zhao, Enrique V. Barrera
Published Online: Jul 29 2010 10:36AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000942

	With fluoronanotubes as the precursor, BOC-nanotubes are synthesized by fluorine substitution and de-BOC reactions. Retaining the high functionalization density from the fluoronanotubes and the intrinsic structure after the functionlization, BOC-nanotubes show good dispersion and construct strong interface with the epoxy matrix. The composites loaded with 0.5 wt% BOC-nanotubes obtain enhancements in Youngs modulus, ultimate tensile strength, and storage modulus.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 659K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Pure and Saturated Red Electroluminescent Polyfluorenes with Dopant/Host System and PLED Efficiency/Color Purity Trade-Offs (p NA)
Lei Chen, Baohua Zhang, Yanxiang Cheng, Zhiyuan Xie, Lixiang Wang, Xiabin Jing, Fosong Wang
Published Online: Jul 29 2010 10:36AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000840

	Through covalently attaching small amounts of red dopant units with fine-tuned PL efficiencies and emission wavelengths to the side chain of polyfluorene host, red polymers of dopant/host systems are obtained. The devices of these polymers realized highly efficient pure and saturated red electroluminescence with remarkable EL efficiency/color purity trade-offs.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 652K)
Save Article

Antireflective Nanoparticle Arrays Enhance the Efficiency of Silicon Solar Cells (p NA)
Dehui Wan, Hsuen-Li Chen, Te-Chen Tseng, Cheng-Yi Fang, Yu-Shen Lai, Fang-Yao Yeh
Published Online: Jul 29 2010 10:36AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000678

	The phenomenon of light trapping in Si solar cells coated with nanoparticles (NPs) is systematically investigated. Au NP arrays could be considered as deficient single-layer antireflection coatings: they could reduce the amount of reflected light, scattering it into the Si substrates, while strongly absorbing incident light. Therefore, the Au NPs are replaced with TiO2 NPs, which possess lower extinction coefficients.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 1149K)
Save Article

Colloidal Films That Mimic Cilia (p NA)
Fang Liu, Dhanya Ramachandran, Marek W. Urban
Published Online: Jul 29 2010 10:36AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000379

	Cilia are like appendages that extend from surfaces and exhibit synchronized locomotive responses to external stimuli. Synthetically produced copolymer films obtained from colloidal dispersions such as those shown above mimic cilia behavior by eliciting thermal, chemical, and electromagnetic responses, which induce motion and color responses. These materials may be utilized in intelligent actuators, defensive mechanisms, or self-propulsion devices.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 510K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Bioinspired Structural Material Exhibiting Post-Yield Lateral Expansion and Volumetric Energy Dissipation During Tension (p NA)
Lifeng Wang, Mary C. Boyce
Published Online: Jul 29 2010 10:36AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000282

	A bioinspired structural material is designed and studied for achieving superior mechanical performance including stiffness, strength, and energy dissipation. The hierarchical mineral/polymer microstructure can be tailored to achieve not only stiffness and strength, but also lateral plastic expansion during tension, which greatly enhances the volume energy dissipation during plastic deformation providing a significant toughening mechanism.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 785K)
Save Article

Tuning the Composition and Nanostructure of Pt/Ir Films via Anodized Aluminum Oxide Templated Atomic Layer Deposition (p NA)
David J. Comstock, Steven T. Christensen, Jeffrey W. Elam, Michael J. Pellin, Mark C. Hersam
Published Online: Jul 26 2010 1:10PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000389

	Nanostructured Pt/Ir films of controlled morphology and composition are prepared using atomic layer deposition (ALD) into anodized aluminum oxide templates. The morphology is controlled by varying ALD conditions, such as the exposure time and the number of ALD cycles. Composition is controlled by the ratio of multiple ALD precursors, with PtIr alloys of controlled composition and morphology demonstrated.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 541K)
Save Article

Time-Temperature-Transformation (TTT) Diagrams for Crystallization of Metal Oxide Thin Films (p NA)
Jennifer L. M. Rupp, Barbara Scherrer, Nina Schäuble, Ludwig J. Gauckler
Published Online: Jul 26 2010 1:10PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000377

	The integration of functional metal oxide thin films in MEMS devices requires distinctive thermokinetic engineering of the oxide films. As-deposited oxide thin films exhibit amorphous or biphasic amorphous-crystalline microstructures that actively change during MEMS processing and also under device operation. Primary time-temperature-transformation diagrams are proposed to offer a distinctive mapping of the crystallization of the metal oxide film to allow for better MEMS integration in the future.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 643K)
Save Article

Tris(8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonate)aluminum Intercalated Mg-Al Layered Double Hydroxide with Blue Luminescence by Hydrothermal Synthesis (p NA)
Shuangde Li, Jun Lu, Min Wei, David G. Evans, Xue Duan
Published Online: Jul 26 2010 1:10PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000200

	Blue luminescent materials (DDS-AQS(x%)/LDH) are prepared by hydrothermally co-intercalating tris(8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonate)aluminum (AQS3-) and dodecyl sulfonate (DDS-) into Mg-Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs). The cyan-blue luminescence transition upon intercalation can be attributed to the isomerization of meridianal to facial AQS through the ligand flip driven by host-guest electrostatic interaction and the dispersion effect of DDS

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 521K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Polymer Scaffolds for Small-Diameter Vascular Tissue Engineering (p NA)
Haiyun Ma, Jiang Hu, Peter X. Ma
Published Online: Jul 22 2010 6:04AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000922

	Novel biodegradable poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) scaffolds are built by utilizing the different thermal conductivities of the mold materials. The scaffolds with gradient oriented tubular microstructures can be employed in the tissue engineering of small-diameter blood vessels because of their certain structural similarities to natural blood vessels and pore design, which facilitates tissue regeneration.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 1050K)
Save Article

Heterointegration of Pt/Si/Ag Nanowire Photodiodes and Their Photocatalytic Properties (p NA)
Yongquan Qu, Teng Xue, Xing Zhong, Yung-Chen Lin, Lei Liao, Jina Choi, Xiangfeng Duan
Published Online: Jul 22 2010 6:04AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000857

	A Pt/Si/Ag heterostructure nanowire is created to integrate a metal-semiconductor Schottky diode with two separate metal catalysts to form a standalone photoelectric nanodevice for photocatalytic applications. Under light irradiation, the electron-hole pairs can be generated and quickly separated by the built-in potential and transport in two opposite directions towards the respective catalysts for redox reactions, enabling Pt/n-Si/Ag heterojunction nanowire photodiodes to function as highly efficient photocatalysts.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 527K)
Save Article

Triplet Exciton and Polaron Dynamics in Phosphorescent Dye Blended Polymer Photovoltaic Devices (p NA)
Chang-Lyoul Lee, In-Wook Hwang, Clare Chisu Byeon, Bok Hyeon Kim, Neil C. Greenham
Published Online: Jul 22 2010 6:04AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000763

	The photo-physical interactions between MEH-PPV, PtOEP, and PCBM are schematically shown in the figure. The rate and probability of exciton dissociation between PtOEP and PCBM are much faster and higher than that of the triplet-triplet energy transfer between PtOEP and MEH-PPV. It suggests that simple blending of the phosphorescent dye does not assure a positive triplet effect in bulk heterojunction photovoltaic devices.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 482K)
Save Article

Conjugated-Polymer-Based Lateral Heterostructures Defined by High-Resolution Photolithography (p NA)
Jui-Fen Chang, Michae C. Gwinner, Mario Caironi, Tomo Sakanoue, Henning Sirringhaus
Published Online: Jul 22 2010 6:04AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000436

	Solution processing of polymer semiconductors enables large-area electronics manufacturing, but also restricts the realization of advanced device architectures such as lateral heterostructures. A degradation-free, high-resolution photolithographic method is demonstrated for patterning polymer semiconductors and exemplified this with high-performance field-effect transistors (FETs) in bottom- and top-gate architectures, as well as ambipolar light-emitting FETs based on a lateral heterojunction between two polymers.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 1133K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Synthesis, Morphology, and Properties of Poly(3-hexylthiophene)-block-Poly(vinylphenyl oxadiazole) Donor-Acceptor Rod-Coil Block Copolymers and Their Memory Device Applications (p NA)
Yi-Kai Fang, Cheng-Liang Liu, Chaoxu Li, Chih-Jung Lin, Raffaele Mezzenga, Wen-Chang Chen
Published Online: Jul 20 2010 11:24AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000879

	Indium tin oxide (ITO)/poly(3-hexylthiophene)- block -poly(vinylphenyl oxadiazole) (P3HT- b -POXD) donor-acceptor rod-coil block copolymer/Al devices exhibit electrical switching characteristics of diode, non-volatile bistable memory and insulator behavior depending on the P3HT/POXD block ratio and the resulting morphology. The P3HT44-b-POXD18 memory devices could be repeatedly written, read, and erased with negative differential resistance (NDR) behavior because holes were injected into polymer films and trapped by the POXD block.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 1055K)
Save Article

High Electromechanical Response of Ionic Polymer Actuators with Controlled-Morphology Aligned Carbon Nanotube/Nafion Nanocomposite Electrodes (p NA)
Sheng Liu, Yang Liu, Hülya Cebeci, Roberto Guzmán de Villoria, Jun-Hong Lin, Brian L. Wardle, Q. M. Zhang
Published Online: Jul 20 2010 11:24AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000570

	Making use of unique properties of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VA-CNTs) with ultrahigh volume fraction, an ionic polymer actuator with high electromechanical response under low operation voltage is developed. The high elastic anisotropy of the composite actuators, arising from the high modulus and alignment of the CNTs, further enhances actuation strain. Ion transport is greatly facilitated by the channels in the electrodes between the aligned CNTs.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 1023K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Thickness-Dependent Properties of Relaxor-PbTiO₃ Ferroelectrics for Ultrasonic Transducers (p NA)
Hyeong Jae Lee, Shujun Zhang, Jun Luo, Fei Li, Thomas R. Shrout
Published Online: Jul 20 2010 11:24AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000390

	<001> poled PMN-PT single crystals exhibit strong thickness dependence of dielectric properties at room temperature, when compared to PIN-PMN-PT. The observation of temperature dependent dielectric permittivity of PMN-PT crystals suggests that the origin of property degradation in PMN-PT crystals is closely related to its domain size with respect to the associated macroscopic scale of the samples.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 1063K)
Save Article

A Transparent, Flexible, Low-Temperature, and Solution-Processible Graphene Composite Electrode (p NA)
Haixin Chang, Guangfeng Wang, An Yang, Xiaoming Tao, Xuqing Liu, Youde Shen, Zijian Zheng
Published Online: Jul 13 2010 3:24PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000900

	A transparent, flexible, low-temperature, and solution-processible graphene composite electrode (GCE) is fabricated based on large-size, highly soluble, chemically derived graphene. The performance of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on a GCE anode is comparable, if not superior, to that of OLEDs made with an ITO anode.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 749K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Carbon Nanotubes on Polymeric Microcapsules: Free-Standing Structures and Point-Wise Laser Openings (p NA)
Alexey M. Yashchenok, Daniil N. Bratashov, Dmitry A. Gorin, Maria V. Lomova, Anton M. Pavlov, Andrei V. Sapelkin, Bong Sup Shim, Gennady B. Khomutov, Nicholas A. Kotov, Gleb B. Sukhorukov, Helmuth Möhwald, Andre G. Skirtach
Published Online: Jul 13 2010 3:24PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000846

	Single-wall carbon nanotubes modified by anionic polyelectrolyte molecules are assembled in the microcapsule shells. The carbon nanotubes form a free-standing shell upon treatment with glutaraldehyde. The local opening of a microcapsule shell is the result of the temperature increase achieved during laser illumination. Raman signal shows changes of carbon-nanotube-specific lines after high-power laser irradiation. These microcapsules represent a new type of photoactivated containers with potential practical applications in medicine and smart composites.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 600K)
Save Article

Multifunctional Au-Coated TiO₂ Nanotube Arrays as Recyclable SERS Substrates for Multifold Organic Pollutants Detection (p NA)
Xuanhua Li, Guangyu Chen, Liangbao Yang, Zhen Jin, Jinhuai Liu
Published Online: Jul 21 2010 10:30AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000792

	A multifunctional Au-coated TiO2 nanotube array is made via synthesis of a TiO2 nanotube array through a ZnO template, followed by deposition of Au particles onto the TiO2 surface. Such arrays exhibit excellent advantages, such as a high-performance SERS ability together with photocatalytic properties, for a recyclable SERS substrate, suggesting promising applications in the detection of organic pollutants.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 1034K)
Save Article

A Graphene Oxide·Streptavidin Complex for Biorecognition - Towards Affinity Purification (p NA)
Zunfeng Liu, Linhua Jiang, Federica Galli, Igor Nederlof, René C. L. Olsthoorn, Gerda E. M. Lamers, Tjerk. H. Oosterkamp, Jan Pieter Abrahams
Published Online: Jul 13 2010 3:24PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000761

	A novel method is described for preparing graphene oxide (GO)streptavidin complexes that can be used for affinity purification. The complex shows strong biotin-recognition capability and excellent loading capacity. Capturing biotinylated DNA, fluorophores, and Au NPs on the GOstreptavidin complexes demonstrates its usefulness as a docking matrix for affinity purification, specifically well suited for direct imaging by EM and AFM.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 879K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Squaraine-Doped Functional Nanoprobes: Lipophilically Protected Near-Infrared Fluorescence for Bioimaging (p NA)
Yong-Deok Lee, Chang-Keun Lim, Sehoon Kim, Ick Chan Kwon, Jungahn Kim
Published Online: Jul 13 2010 3:24PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000650

	Dual lipophilization of intraparticle matrix and dye dopants greatly stabilizes near-infrared fluorescence from self-assembled polymer nanoprobes in aqueous milieux. Hydrophobically stabilized optical signal, along with tiny size and capability of surface functionalization, renders the nanoprobes applicable to bioimaging applications.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 731K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Engineering Nanoparticle Cluster Arrays for Bacterial Biosensing: The Role of the Building Block in Multiscale SERS Substrates (p NA)
Linglu Yang, Bo Yan, W. Ranjith Premasiri, Lawrence D. Ziegler, Luca Dal Negro, Björn M. Reinhard
Published Online: Jul 13 2010 3:24PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000630

	Nanoparticle cluster arrays (NCAs) are two dimensional photonic plasmonic crystals (see a and b) that sustain electromagnetic interactions on multiple length scales. In this study, NCAs are assembled from different building blocks (40, 60, 80 nm gold spheres and 40/5, 40/10 core-satellite nanostructures, and their SERS performance is evaluated. The 80 nm NCAs lead to the overall highest SERS enhancement and reproducibility both for small molecules and for monolayers of bacteria (c). Effective single cell SERS sensitivity is demonstrated for optimized NCAs.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 982K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Polymer-Templated Hydrothermal Growth of Vertically Aligned Single-Crystal ZnO Nanorods and Morphological Transformations Using Structural Polarity (p NA)
Ki Seok Kim, Hyun Jeong, Mun Seok Jeong, Gun Young Jung
Published Online: Jul 13 2010 3:24PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000613

	A polymer-templated hydrothermal growth method enables the fabrication of individually position-configurable, vertical, single-crystalline ZnO nanorod arrays. A newly explored sol-gel processed dense c-oriented ZnO seed layer film is employed to grow nanorods along the c-axis [0001] regardless of substrate crystal mismatch. By controlling their growth conditions and/or utilizing the structural polarity, the ZnO nanorods were successfully transformed into various nanostructures and integrated onto a range of substrates, thereby indicating a multitude of potential applications.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 1342K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

The Origin of the High Voltage in DPM12/P3HT Organic Solar Cells (p NA)
Antonio Sánchez-Díaz, Marta Izquierdo, Salvatore Filippone, Nazario Martin, Emilio Palomares
Published Online: Jul 13 2010 3:24PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000549

	DPM12-based organic photovoltaic cells show a much higher open-circuit voltage than would be expected when solely looking at the energy levels. This can, however, be fully explained by the slower charge-recombination dynamics and the blend morphology in these cells. Extensive research on these types of solar cells shows the exact correlation between the above factors, which is corroborated by the experimental results.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 684K)
Save Article

Controlled Nucleation of GaN Nanowires Grown with Molecular Beam Epitaxy (p NA)
Kris A. Bertness, Aric W. Sanders, Devin M. Rourke, Todd E. Harvey, Alexana Roshko, John B. Schlager, Norman A. Sanford
Published Online: Jul 13 2010 3:24PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000381

	GaN nanowires are grown with near perfect size and placement control with catalyst-free molecular beam epitaxy. This new methodology for selective epitaxy on silicon substrates achieved periodic array structures and dimension control to better than 2%, which in turn enables a number of photonic and sensor applications.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 389K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

In situ Porous Structures: A Unique Polymer Erosion Mechanism in Biodegradable Dipeptide-Based Polyphosphazene and Polyester Blends Producing Matrices for Regenerative Engineering (p NA)
Meng Deng, Lakshmi S. Nair, Syam P. Nukavarapu, Sangamesh G. Kumbar, Tao Jiang, Arlin L. Weikel, Nicholas R. Krogman, Harry R. Allcock, Cato T. Laurencin
Published Online: Jul 9 2010 1:08PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000968

	A unique polymer erosion process through which polymer matrices evolve from a solid coherent film to an assemblage of microspheres with 3D interconnected porous structures. The in situ porous structures result from unique hydrogen bonding in the blend promoting a three-stage degradation mechanism. Furthermore, the tissue in-growth of this dynamic pore forming scaffold attests to its utility in regenerative medicine.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 1076K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Self-Propagating Domino-like Reactions in Oxidized Graphite (p NA)
Franklin Kim, Jiayan Luo, Rodolfo Cruz-Silva, Laura J. Cote, Kwonnam Sohn, Jiaxing Huang
Published Online: Jul 9 2010 1:08PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000736

	Rapid, self-propagating reduction of graphite oxide films can be trigged by a local hot spot. In the presence of potassium salts, violent, catastrophic domino-like, reduction-combustion reactions are observed that rapidly burned up the material. Such domino-like reactions can be guided to produce functional nanoparticle/graphene hybrids using graphite oxide as an in situ power source.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 543K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Multifunctional Triphenylamine/Oxadiazole Hybrid as Host and Exciton-Blocking Material: High Efficiency Green Phosphorescent OLEDs Using Easily Available and Common Materials (p NA)
Youtian Tao, Qiang Wang, Chuluo Yang, Cheng Zhong, Jingui Qin, Dongge Ma
Published Online: Jul 9 2010 1:08PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000669

	A simple triphenylamine/oxadiazole hybrid can function as efficient bipolar host and exciton blocking material for PHOLEDs. Together with the use of TPBI as electron transporting layer and NPB as hole transporting layer, the charge carrier balance can be manipulated. Accordingly, the best EL performance can be achieved with a maximum EQE of 23.7% and a maximum power efficiency of 105 lm W-1 for a (ppy)2Ir(acac) based green PHOLED and 20.6% and 61.7 lm W-1 for a (fbi)2Ir(acac) based yellow PHOLED.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 414K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

A Generalized System for Photoresponsive Membrane Rupture in Polymersomes (p NA)
Neha P. Kamat, Gregory P. Robbins, Jeff Rawson, Michael J. Therien, Ivan J. Dmochowski, Daniel A. Hammer
Published Online: Jul 9 2010 1:08PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000659

	Co-encapsulating conjugated multiporphyrin dyes in a polymersome membrane with dextran in the aqueous lumen confers photolability to the polymersome. Amphiphilic interactions of the luminal encapsulant with the membrane coupled with localized heat production in the hydrophobic bilayer likely cause differential thermal expansion in the membrane and the subsequent membrane rupture.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 910K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Air-Operable, High-Mobility Organic Transistors with Semifluorinated Side Chains and Unsubstituted Naphthalenetetracarboxylic Diimide Cores: High Mobility and Environmental and Bias Stress Stability from the Perfluorooctylpropyl Side Chain (p NA)
Byung Jun Jung, Kyusang Lee, Jia Sun, Andreas G. Andreou, Howard E. Katz
Published Online: Jul 9 2010 1:08PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000655

	An N,N-bis(3-(perfluoroctyl)propyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic diimide (8-3-NTCDI)-based organic thin-ilm transistor (OTFT) on an octadecyltrimethoxysilane (OTS)-treated Si/SiO2 substrate shows apparent electron mobility approaching 0.7 cm2 V-1s-1 in air. The transistor on hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) is more stable against gate bias stress than that on OTS with mobility comparable to amorphous Si TFTs. This performance is promising for use in display backplanes.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 1185K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Porous Silicon-Based Optical Microsensors for Volatile Organic Analytes: Effect of Surface Chemistry on Stability and Specificity (p NA)
Anne M. Ruminski, Brian H. King, Jarno Salonen, Jay L. Snyder, Michael J. Sailor
Published Online: Jul 9 2010 1:08PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000575

	600-m diameter porous photonic crystals, electrochemically etched from silicon, are chemically modified and attached to the tips of optical fibers. Surface modifications consisting of hydride, oxide, hydrocarbon, and carbide species are studied; the response to various VOC analytes depends on the surface chemistry on the porous Si particle.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 628K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Molecular Origins of the Mechanical Behavior of Hybrid Glasses (p NA)
Mark S. Oliver, Geraud Dubois, Mark Sherwood, David M. Gage, Reinhold H. Dauskardt
Published Online: Jul 9 2010 1:08PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000558

	Molecular Modeling of Deformation and Fracture of Hybrid Glasses. The impact of network structure on the mechanical properties of two ethane-bridged hybrid glasses (Et-OCS and Et-OCS(Me)) is elucidated using a combination of molecular modeling and experimental characterization. A novel fracture model for predicting the complex 3-D fracture path in these materials at the atomic scale is presented.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 567K)
Save Article

Photoswitchable Gas Permeation Membranes Based on Liquid Crystals (p NA)
Eric Gowacki, Karen Horovitz, Ching W. Tang, Kenneth L. Marshall
Published Online: Jul 9 2010 1:08PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000551

	Light-actuated gas permeation membranes are fabricated from liquid crystals (LCs) imbibed into porous plastic membranes. Diffusion of nitrogen can be tuned through different LC compositions, LC alignment, and isothermal photogenerated nematic-isotropic phase transitions afforded by a mesogenic azobenzene dye. Our goal is to create a novel membrane system to achieve tunability of mass transfer controllable by external stimuli.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 463K)
Save Article

High-Performance All-Polymer White-Light-Emitting Diodes Using Polyfluorene Containing Phosphonate Groups as an Efficient Electron-Injection Layer (p NA)
Baohua Zhang, Chuanjiang Qin, Junqiao Ding, Lei Chen, Zhiyuan Xie, Yanxiang Cheng, Lixiang Wang
Published Online: Jul 9 2010 1:08PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000538

	An efficient electron injector with a structure of PF-EP/LiF/Al is successfully developed and used to fabricate high-performance all-polymer PWLEDs based on a three-color white single polymer WP-B5G5R2. The optimized device exhibits the highest external quantum efficiency, forward viewing luminous efficiency and power efficiency of 6.7%, 15.4 cd A-1 and 11.4 lm W-1 at 347 cd m-2, respectively, rendering great potential of low-cost large-area solution-processed manufacturing for efficient PWLEDs.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 731K)
Save Article

Preparation and Memory Performance of a Nanoaggregated Dispersed Red 1-Functionalized Poly (N-vinylcarbazole) Film via Solution-Phase Self-Assembly (p NA)
Xiao-Dong Zhuang, Yu Chen, Gang Liu, Bin Zhang, Koon-Gee Neoh, En-Tang Kang, Chun-Xiang Zhu, Yong-Xi Li, Li-Juan Niu
Published Online: Jul 9 2010 1:08PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000258

	A write-once, read-many-times memory device is fabricated by spin-coating a pre-assembled solution of PVDR as the active layer sandwiched between an aluminum electrode and an indium-tin-oxide electrode. This device shows very good memory performance, with an ON/OFF current ratio of more than 105, which is high enough to ensure a low misreading rate through the precise control of the ON and OFF states. The stability of the nanoaggregated PVDR device is much higher than that of non-nanoaggregated PVDR devices.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 905K)
Save Article

Protein Localization in Silica Nanospheres Derived via Biomimetic Mineralization (p NA)
Mateus B. Cardoso, Heather R. Luckarift, Volker S. Urban, Hugh O'Neill, Glenn R. Johnson
Published Online: Jul 9 2010 1:08PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000144

	This study investigates the structural properties of a lysozyme-silica composite material with antimicrobial properties. A hierarchical structure for the composite is proposed providing important insight into the structural organization of the biomimetic composite material synthesized through a sol-gel method.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 699K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Silver Surface Iodination for Enhancing the Conductivity of Conductive Composites (p NA)
Cheng Yang, Yu-Tao Xie, Matthew Ming-Fai Yuen, Bing Xu, Bo Gao, Xiaomin Xiong, C. P. Wong
Published Online: Jul 6 2010 12:14PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000673

	Controlled iodination to the silver microfiller surface can alter the surface properties and dramatically improve the conductivity of the conductive composite. This method is effective in reducing the silver filler content from much higher levels (e.g., 80 wt%) of commercial composites to currently only 27.5 wt%. The printed radio frequency identification (RFID) antenna retain similar read range performance.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 844K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Cooperative Near-Field Surface Plasmon Enhanced Quantum Dot Nanoarrays (p NA)
Kirsty Leong, Yeechi Chen, David J. Masiello, Melvin T. Zin, Marketa Hnilova, Hong Ma, Candan Tamerler, Mehmet Sarikaya, David S. Ginger, Alex K.-Y. Jen
Published Online: Jul 7 2010 2:11PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000424

	Surface plasmon enhanced fluorescence of quantum dot (QD) nanoarrays are fabricated using a peptide self-assembly to systematically tune the distance between the QD and metal surface and localize surface plasmon resonance. An enhancement factor of 15 in the QD photoluminescence is achieved when the QDs are sandwiched in between the electric fields of the nanoparticles. Thus by sandwiching QDs in between the hot-spots of metal nanoparticles, an increase in the QD emission is attainable.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 893K)
Save Article

Tuning Specific Biomolecular Interactions Using Electro-Switchable Oligopeptide Surfaces (p NA)
Chun L. Yeung, Parvez Iqbal, Marzena Allan, Minhaj Lashkor, Jon A. Preece, Paula M. Mendes
Published Online: Jul 6 2010 12:14PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000411

	A new class of responsive surfaces that rely on electro-switchable peptides to control biomolecular interactions on gold surfaces is reported. This system is based upon the conformational switching of positively charged oligolysine peptides that are tethered to a gold surface, such that bioactive molecular moieties (biotin) incorporated on the oligolysines can be reversibly exposed (bio-active state) or concealed (bio-inactive state) on demand, as a function of surface potential.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 696K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

High-Resolution Scanning Near-Field Optical Lithography of Conjugated Polymers (p NA)
Daniel Credgington, Oliver Fenwick, Ana Charas, Jorge Morgado, Klaus Suhling, Franco Cacialli
Published Online: Jul 6 2010 12:14PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000202

	The image shows a schematic of the scanning near-field optical lithography (SNOL) probe, overlaid by MM2-minimized oligomers analogous to the polymer precursors and polymer structures referred to in this communication, surrounded by reproductions of the images of the main structures demonstrated.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 808K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Ultrathin, Organic, Semiconductor/Polymer Blends by Scanning Corona-Discharge Coating for High-Performance Organic Thin-Film Transistors (p NA)
Hee Joon Jung, Yu Jin Shin, Youn Jung Park, Sung Cheol Yoon, Dong Hoon Choi, Cheolmin Park
Published Online: Jul 6 2010 12:14PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000032

	A new, direct coating process, scanning corona-discharge coating (SCDC), is described for making thin tri-isopropylsilylethynyl pentacene (TIPS-PEN) single-crystal/amorphous-polymer films. Organic thin-film transistors fabricated by SCDC show a high OTFT performance with a maximum field-effect mobility of approximately 0.23 cm2 V-1 s-1, which is comparable with that obtained with a single-crystalline, ribbon-like TIPS-PEN active channel.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 615K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Biomimetic Approach to Confer Redox Activity to Thin Chitosan Films (p NA)
Eunkyoung Kim, Yi Liu, Xiao-Wen Shi, Xiaohua Yang, William E. Bentley, Gregory F. Payne
Published Online: Jul 6 2010 12:14PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.200902428

	Catechol-quinone redox couples are commonly used in biology to transfer electrons. A biomimetic film is fabricated by grafting catechol onto the aminopolysaccharide chitosan to impart redox properties. Specifically, the catechol-modified chitosan films can amplify and partially rectify mediator currents, and also offer switching capabilities. Possible biological precedents for redox-active films are discussed.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 1147K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

The Effect of Nanoparticle Shape on the Photocarrier Dynamics and Photovoltaic Device Performance of Poly(3-hexylthiophene):CdSe Nanoparticle Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells (p NA)
Smita Dayal, Matthew O. Reese, Andrew J. Ferguson, David S. Ginley, Garry Rumbles, Nikos Kopidakis
Published Online: Jul 2 2010 11:16AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000628

	The charge generation and decay dynamics in CdSe nanoparticle blends with P3HT is studied with time-resolved microwave conductivity as a function of CdSe nanoparticle shape and is correlated with photovoltaic device performance. An enhanced carrier lifetime observed for high aspect ratio nanoparticles (nanorods and tetrapods) explains the better photovoltaic performance of these devices compared to those of quantum dot devices.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 788K)
Save Article

Graphene-Based Nanoporous Materials Assembled by Mediation of Polyoxometalate Nanoparticles (p NA)
Ding Zhou, Bao-Hang Han
Published Online: Jul 2 2010 11:16AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.200902323

	An approach to construct graphene-based nanoporous materials is described by utilizing the chemisorption between graphene sheets and polyoxometalate nanoparticles. The as-prepared graphene-polyoxometalate material possesses a specific surface area of 680 m2 g-1 and its hydrogen uptake volume increases significantly after oxidation, thus endowing the material with controllable ability of hydrogen adsorption and desorption.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 518K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Chemiluminescence-Generating Nanoreactor Formulation for Near-Infrared Imaging of Hydrogen Peroxide and Glucose Level in vivo (p NA)
Chang-Keun Lim, Yong-Deok Lee, Jinhee Na, Jung Min Oh, Song Her, Kwangmeyung Kim, Kuiwon Choi, Sehoon Kim, Ick Chan Kwon
Published Online: Jul 1 2010 12:12PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000780

	All-in-one nanoformulation of densely integrated peroxyoxalate fuel and a cyanine dye optimizes the chemiluminescence reactivity toward hydrogen peroxide, to generate bright near-infrared signal. Successful in vivo imaging of endogenously overproduced hydrogen peroxide offers an opportunity for early diagnosis of diseases.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 453K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

The Effects of Moisture in Low-Voltage Organic Field-Effect Transistors Gated with a Hydrous Solid Electrolyte (p NA)
Nikolai Kaihovirta, Harri Aarnio, Carl-Johan Wikman, Carl-Eric Wilén, Ronald Österbacka
Published Online: Jul 1 2010 12:12PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000586

	The role of moisture in low-voltage organic field-effect transistors gated with a hydrous ion conducting membrane is clarified. Electromodulation spectroscopy is used in combination with ordinary transistor characteristics for monitoring the insulator/semiconductor interface. The transition from reversible field-effect doping into irreversible oxidative degradation is identified.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 425K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Triplet Formation in Fullerene Multi-Adduct Blends for Organic Solar Cells and Its Influence on Device Performance (p NA)
Clare Dyer-Smith, Luke X. Reynolds, Annalisa Bruno, Donal D. C. Bradley, Saif A. Haque, Jenny Nelson
Published Online: Jul 1 2010 12:12PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000477

	Organic donor:acceptor blends employing fullerene multi-adduct acceptor molecules exhibit triplet formation when the HOMO(donor)-LUMO(acceptor) offset is high, presenting a limit to open circuit voltage in this materials system. Energy transfer from polymer to fullerene appears to be an important pathway for exciton deactivation in these materials and should be avoided in order to increase cell efficiency.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 518K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Electrical Percolation Behavior in Silver Nanowire-Polystyrene Composites: Simulation and Experiment (p NA)
Sadie I. White, Rose M. Mutiso, Patrick M. Vora, David Jahnke, Sam Hsu, James M. Kikkawa, Ju Li, John E. Fischer, Karen I. Winey
Published Online: Jul 1 2010 12:12PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000451

	Model composites of polystyrene and silver nanowires are used to investigate the effect of filler aspect ratio on electrical percolation threshold in the finite-aspect-ratio regime. Experimental percolation thresholds are compared to those obtained from simulations and analytical models to evaluate their predictive accuracies.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 569K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

High T_g Cyclic Olefin Copolymer Gate Dielectrics for N,N-Ditridecyl Perylene Diimide Based Field-Effect Transistors: Improving Performance and Stability with Thermal Treatment (p NA)
Jaeyoung Jang, Sooji Nam, Dae Sung Chung, Se Hyun Kim, Won Min Yun, Chan Eon Park
Published Online: Jul 1 2010 12:12PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000383

	A unique application of an ethylene-norbornene cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) as a gate dielectric layer for N,N-ditridecyl perylene diimide based OFETs is introduced. The COC gate dielectric layer has good physical strength (Tg exceeding 180 °C) and a hydroxyl-free polymeric surface, producing highly ordered semiconductor thin films after thermal annealing. The resulting OFETs exhibit high performance and long-term stability under ambient conditions.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 636K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Bio-inspired Photoelectric Conversion Based on Smart-Gating Nanochannels (p NA)
Liping Wen, Xu Hou, Ye Tian, Jin Zhai, Lei Jiang
Published Online: Jul 6 2010 12:14PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000239

	A novel photoelectric conversion system based on smart-gating proton-driven nanochannels is successfully constructed. Inspired by natural processes that can convert solar energy into electrochemical potential, photo-acid molecules, 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonate, are used as light-driven, cross-membrane, proton pumps. The generated protons are then transported across the smart-gating nanochannel under the force of a proton gradient, which results in a diffusion potential and electrochemical faradaic current.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 749K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Triple-Shape Polymeric Composites (TSPCs) (p NA)
Xiaofan Luo, Patrick T. Mather
Published Online: Jul 1 2010 12:12PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000052

	Triple-shape polymeric composites (TSPCs) that exhibit two separated thermal transitions with three different shapes are fabricated using a unique fiber/matrix composite approach. Utilizing a specifically designed thermomechanical programming process, TSPCs are capable of fixing two well-defined temporary shapes and recovering sequentially from one temporary shape to the other, and finally to the permanent shape upon continuous heating.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 924K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

A Molecular Brush Approach to Enhance Quantum Yield and Suppress Nonspecific Interactions of Conjugated Polyelectrolyte for Targeted Far-Red/Near-Infrared Fluorescence Cell Imaging (p NA)
Kan-Yi Pu, Kai Li, Bin Liu
Published Online: Jul 2 2010 11:16AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000495

	A molecular brush composed of a red-fluorescent conjugated polymer backbone and dense PEG grafting chains is synthesized via click chemistry to serve as an efficient far-red/near infrared fluorescent probe. This molecular brush overcomes the intrinsic drawbacks of conjugated polyelectrolytes to possess high quantum yield with minimal nonspecific interactions in biological media, allowing for targeted cancer cell imaging in a high-contrast, selective and nonviral manner.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 454K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Cationic Polyelectrolyte Amplified Bead Array for DNA Detection with Zeptomole Sensitivity and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Selectivity (p NA)
Chun Wang, Ruoyu Zhan, Kan-Yi Pu, Bin Liu
Published Online: Jun 28 2010 2:06PM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000459

	A strand specific DNA assay, which consists of a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probe, a cationic conjugated polymer (PFVP), and self-assembled polystyrene beads in microwell arrays on silicon chip, is developed to allow the detection of 300 copies of Cy5-labeled DNA or 150 attomole of label-free DNA using a commercial confocal microscope with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) selectivity.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 534K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Full Paper

Origin of Radiation-Induced Degradation in Polymer Solar Cells (p NA)
Ankit Kumar, Roderick Devine, Clay Mayberry, Bao Lei, Gang Li, Yang Yang
Published Online: Jun 25 2010 9:57AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000374

	The effect of X-ray irradiation on polymer photovoltaics for space applications is studied. No structural changes are found to take place in the bulk of the polymer film. However, charge accumulation can be a severe problem resulting in degradation in solar cell performance, which can be mitigated by engineering smart polymer-electrode interfaces.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 447K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Full Papers

Anomalous Oxidation States in Multilayers for Fuel Cell Applications (p NA)
James M. Perkins, Sarah Fearn, Stuart N. Cook, Rajagopalan Srinivasan, Chris M. Rouleau, Hans M. Christen, Geoff D. West, Richard J. H. Morris, Hamish L. Fraser, Stephen J. Skinner, John A. Kilner, David W. McComb
Published Online: Jul 2 2010 11:16AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201000279

	Multilayer ceria/doped ceria (CeO2/Ce0.85Sm0.15O2) thin films are grown on MgO substrates by pulsed laser deposition. Ceria valence state is mapped using high resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), showing discrete regions of 3+ and 4+ ceria cations. This anomaly is relevant to the oxygen ion conductivity of the thin film.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 1006K)  | Supporting information
Save Article

Nanometer-Scale Mapping of Elastic Modules in Biogenic Composites: The Nacre of Mollusk Shells (p NA)
Haika Moshe-Drezner, Doron Shilo, Avraham Dorogoy, Emil Zolotoyabko
Published Online: Jun 25 2010 9:57AM
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.200902165

	Nanoscale modulus maps reveal gradual changes of elastic modules across the ceramic/organic interfaces in the nacre layer of Perna canaliculus shells. This phenomenon is explained as a result of inhomogeneous distribution of organic macromolecules within ceramic tablets and indicates that the nacre should be considered as a compositionally and functionally graded material.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 578K)
Save Article