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Wiley InterScience | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
  Conservation BiologyVolume 21 Issue 5, Pages 1258 - 1268 Published Online: 27 Jul 2007 ©2010, Society for Conservation Biology Published on behalf of the Society for Conservation Biology
Abstract | References | Full Text: HTML, PDF (Size: 213K) | Supporting Information | Related Articles | Citation Tracking  Invasive Rodent Eradication on Islands Copyright 2007 Society for Conservation Biology KEYWORDS eradication • invasive species • island conservation •
Mus musculus
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Rattus rattus
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Rattus norvegicus
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Rattus exulans
KEYWORDS conservación de islas • erradicación • especies invasoras •
Mus musculus
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Rattus exulans
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Rattus norvegicus
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Rattus rattus
ABSTRACTAbstract: Invasive mammals are the greatest threat to island biodiversity and invasive rodents are likely responsible for the greatest number of extinctions and ecosystem changes. Techniques for eradicating rodents from islands were developed over 2 decades ago. Since that time there has been a significant development and application of this conservation tool. We reviewed the literature on invasive rodent eradications to assess its current state and identify actions to make it more effective. Worldwide, 332 successful rodent eradications have been undertaken; we identified 35 failed eradications and 20 campaigns of unknown result. Invasive rodents have been eradicated from 284 islands (47,628 ha). With the exception of two small islands, rodenticides were used in all eradication campaigns. Brodifacoum was used in 71% of campaigns and 91% of the total area treated. The most frequent rodenticide distribution methods (from most to least) are bait stations, hand broadcasting, and aerial broadcasting. Nevertheless, campaigns using aerial broadcast made up 76% of the total area treated. Mortality of native vertebrates due to nontarget poisoning has been documented, but affected species quickly recover to pre-eradication population levels or higher. A variety of methods have been developed to mitigate nontarget impacts, and applied research can further aid in minimizing impacts. Land managers should routinely remove invasive rodents from islands <100 ha that lack vertebrates susceptible to nontarget poisoning. For larger islands and those that require nontarget mitigation, expert consultation and greater planning effort are needed. With the exception of house mice (Mus musculus), island size may no longer be the limiting factor for rodent eradications; rather, social acceptance and funding may be the main challenges. To be successful, large-scale rodent campaigns should be integrated with programs to improve the livelihoods of residents, island biosecurity, and reinvasion response programs. ABSTRACTResumen: Los mamíferos invasores son la mayor amenaza a la biodiversidad insular, y los roedores invasores son probables responsables de la mayoría de las extinciones y cambios en los ecosistemas. Las técnicas para la erradicación de roedores de las islas fueron desarrolladas hace 2 décadas. Desde entonces ha habido un desarrollo y aplicación significativa de esta herramienta de conservación. Revisamos la literatura sobre erradicaciones de roedores invasores para evaluar su estado actual e identificar acciones para hacerlo más efectivo. Mundialmente, se han efectuado 332 erradicaciones de roedores exitosas, identificamos 35 erradicaciones fracasadas y 20 campañas con resultados desconocidos. Los roedores Invasivos ha sido erradicados de 284 islas (47,628 ha). Con la excepción de dos islas pequeñas, se utilizaron rodenticidas en todas las erradicaciones. Se utilizó Brodifacoum en 71% de las campañas y en 91% de la superficie tratada. Los métodos más frecuentes de distribución de rodenticida (de más a menos) son estaciones de cebo, aplicación manual y aplicación aérea. Sin embargo, las campañas de aplicación aérea abarcaron 76% de la superficie tratada. Se ha documentado la mortalidad de vertebrados nativos debido a envenenamiento accidental, pero las especies afectadas recuperan, o superan, rápidamente los niveles poblacionales previos a la erradicación. Se ha desarrollado una variedad de métodos para mitigar los impactos no deseados, y la investigación aplicada puede ayudar a minimizar los impactos aun más. Los gestores de recursos deben remover rutinariamente a roedores invasores de islas <100 ha que carezcan de vertebrados susceptibles de envenenamiento no deseado. Para islas más extensas y para las que requieren de mitigación de envenenamientos no deseados, se requiere de la consulta de expertos y de mayores esfuerzos de planificación. Con la excepción de Mus musculus, es posible que el tamaño de la isla ya no sea el factor limitante para la erradicación de roedores, más bien, la aceptación social y el financiamiento pueden ser los retos principales. Para ser exitosas, las campañas a gran escala deben estar integradas por programas para mejorar las condiciones de vida de los residentes, de bioseguridad insular y de respuesta a reinvasiones. Paper submitted November 16, 2006; revised manuscript accepted March 7, 2007. | 
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Free Article from Conservation Biology |  |
The article One Hundred Questions of Importance to the Conservation of Global Biological Diversity is now available FREE online. | |
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Conservation Letters |
Conservation Letters is a new, online-only scientific journal publishing empirical and theoretical research with significant implications for the conservation of biological diversity. |
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Conservation |
Conservation is a sophisticated, readable, and utterly practical magazine for people who are serious about conservation. |
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 | New Perspectives on Psychology and Human–Animal Interactions |
This issue of Journal of Social Issues focuses on human attitudes toward the use of other species, the effects of relationships with companion animals on human health and well-being, and the ethical and policy implications of our interactions with other species. | |
