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Reflections on Place and Place-making in the Cities of China
JOHN FRIEDMANN 1
  1 Centre for Human Settlements, School of Community and Regional Planning, The University of British Columbia, Canada
Correspondence to   John Friedmann (jrpf@interchange.ubc.ca), Centre for Human Settlements, School of Community and Regional Planning, The University of British Columbia, 225-1933 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z2, Canada.

 I would like to thank Laurence Ma, Daniel Abramson, the China Studies Roundtable at UBC, and several anonymous reviewers for their many helpful comments and suggestions. As is generally understood, all errors of fact and interpretation are entirely my own.

Copyright © 2007 The Author. Journal Compilation © 2007 Joint Editors and Blackwell Publishing Ltd
KEYWORDS
Chinese cities • places • place-making • neighborhoods • everyday life

Abstract

AbstractThe meaning of place and why its study is importantImperial ChinaRepublican ChinaThe People s Republic I: Mao ZedongReferences

This article is about the small spaces of the city we call 'places'. Places are shaped by being lived in; they are spaces of encounter where the little histories of the city are played out. They are, of course, also shaped by the state through planning, supervision, ordinances, and so forth. The patterns and rhythms of life in the small spaces of the city are therefore not simply a straightforward projection of civil life. Places are also sites of resistance, contestation, and actions that are often thought to be illegal by the (local) state. After introducing the concept of place, the remainder of this article is a reflection on places and place-making (but also place-breaking) in urban China. Because the patterns and rhythms of urban life have continuity, however, my approach to their study was historical. The story told here is roughly divided into four major periods: Imperial China, Republican China, the People's Republic under Mao Zedong, and the reform period from about 1980 onward. I then return to the concepts of place and place-making with which I began, summarizing my findings and suggesting some topics for further research.

Résumé

Cet article traite des petits espaces de la ville qu'on appelle des 'lieux'. Les lieux sont modelés par la vie qui s'y déroule; ce sont des espaces de rencontre où se jouent les petites histoires d'une ville. Bien sûr, ils sont aussi façonnés par l'Etat, à travers l'aménagement, le contrôle, les règlements, etc. Les modèles et rythmes de vie dans les petits espaces urbains ne sont donc pas une projection pure de la vie civique. Ce sont aussi des scènes de résistance, de contestation et d'actions souvent jugées illégales par les autorités (locales). Après le concept de lieu, l'article présente une réflexion sur les lieux et leur fabrication (ainsi que leur fracture) dans la Chine urbaine. Les modèles et rythmes de la vie urbaine présentant une continuité, l'approche appliquée à leur étude est historique. Le récit rapporté se décompose en quatre grandes périodes: la Chine impériale, la Chine républicaine, la République populaire de Mao Zedong et l'ère réformatrice depuis 1980 environ. L'article revient ensuite sur les concepts de lieux et de fabrication de lieux en résumant les résultats obtenus et en suggérant quelques thèmes de recherche à approfondir.


DIGITAL OBJECT IDENTIFIER (DOI)
10.1111/j.1468-2427.2007.00726.x About DOI

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