Steam-girdling of barley (Hordeum vulgare) leaves leads to carbohydrate accumulation and accelerated leaf senescence, facilitating transcriptomic analysis of senescence-associated genes

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02158.x

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Wiley InterScience

New Phytologist

Volume 176 Issue 1, Pages 56 - 69

Published Online: 16 Jul 2007

Published on behalf of the New Phytologist Trust

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Steam-girdling of barley (Hordeum vulgare) leaves leads to carbohydrate accumulation and accelerated leaf senescence, facilitating transcriptomic analysis of senescence-associated genes

David L. Parrott ¹ , Kate McInnerney ² , Urs Feller ³ and Andreas M. Fischer ¹

¹ Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology , ² Functional Genomics Core Facility, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA; ³ Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland

Author for correspondence: Andreas M. Fischer Tel: +1 406 9945908 Fax: +1 406 9947600 Email: fischer@montana.edu

KEYWORDS

carbon feast • genomics • Hordeum vulgare (barley) • leaf senescence • nitrogen (N) remobilization • proteolysis

New Phytologist (2007) 176: 56–69

doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02158.x

ABSTRACT

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Leaf senescence can be described as the dismantling of cellular components during a specific time interval before cell death. This has the effect of remobilizing N in the form of amino acids that can be relocalized to developing seeds. High levels of carbohydrates have previously been shown to promote the onset of the senescence process.
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Carbohydrate accumulation in barley (Hordeum vulgare) plants was induced experimentally by steam-girdling at the leaf base, occluding the phloem, and gene regulation under these conditions was investigated using the Affymetrix Barley GeneChip array and quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
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Transcript levels of plastidial (aminopeptidases, cnd41) and vacuolar (thiol and serine) proteases clearly increase in girdled leaves. Of special interest are cnd41, a plastidial aspartyl peptidase that has been implicated in Rubisco degradation in tobacco; and cp-mIII, a highly upregulated carboxypeptidase. SAG12, hexokinases and other senescence-specific genes are also upregulated under these conditions.
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Applying a genomic approach to the innovative experimental system described here significantly enhances our knowledge of leaf proteolysis and whole-plant N recycling.

Received: 16 April 2007 Accepted: 17 May 2007

DIGITAL OBJECT IDENTIFIER (DOI)

10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02158.x About DOI