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Wiley InterScience | |||||||
  Journal of the American Geriatrics SocietyVolume 54 Issue 7, Pages 1046 - 1054 Published Online: 7 Jun 2006 Journal compilation 2010 The American Geriatrics Society/Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Abstract | References | Full Text: HTML, PDF (Size: 117K) | Related Articles | Citation Tracking  The Influence of Latent Viral Infection on Rate of Cognitive Decline over 4 Years A published abstract of the initial findings, "Novel Infectious Biomarkers of Cognitive Impairment," was presented at the Alzheimer's Association International Prevention of Dementia Conference, June 18–21, 2005, Washington, DC. In addition, we were invited to submit a brief report to the journal Research and Practice in Alzheimer's Disease and Cognitive Decline on the findings presented at the Alzheimer's Association International Prevention of Dementia Conference. This four-page invited brief report is currently under review and has limited overlap with the findings reported in this study. Copyright © 2006, The American Geriatrics Society KEYWORDS herpes • dementia • rate of cognitive decline • elderly • community ABSTRACTOBJECTIVES: To examine whether cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) are associated with cognitive decline over a 4-year period and to assess whether C-reactive protein (CRP) modifies these relationships. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study over a 4-year period. SETTING: Community-dwelling elderly population. PARTICIPANTS: The sample was a subset (1,204/1,789) of participants in the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging (SALSA) aged 60 to 100. MEASUREMENTS: Participants were screened annually over a 4-year period for cognitive function and episodic memory. Cognitive function was assessed using the modified Mini-Mental State Examination, and episodic memory was assessed using a word list-learning test of delayed recall. Baseline serum samples were assayed for levels of immunoglobulin G antibodies to CMV and HSV-1 and for levels of CRP. RESULTS: There was a significantly higher rate of cognitive decline over the 4-year period in subjects with the highest CMV antibody levels at baseline than in individuals with the lowest levels (β=−0.053, standard error =0.018; P=.003), after controlling for age, sex, education, income, and chronic health conditions. There was no association between HSV-1 antibody levels and cognitive decline. CRP did not modify the relationship between viral antibody levels and cognitive decline. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to show that individuals with higher levels of antibody to CMV experience a more-rapid rate of cognitive decline than those with lower levels. Understanding the mechanisms by which CMV influences cognition may aid development of intervention strategies targeting infection, viral reactivation, and immune response over the life course. | 
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