Influence of prostaglandin F2α and its analogues on hair regrowth and follicular melanogenesis in a murine model

doi:10.1111/j.0906-6705.2005.00270.x

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Wiley InterScience

Experimental Dermatology

Volume 14 Issue 5, Pages 323 - 328

Published Online: 25 Apr 2005

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Influence of prostaglandin F_2α and its analogues on hair regrowth and follicular melanogenesis in a murine model

S. Sasaki ¹*, Y. Hozumi ¹ and S. Kondo ¹

¹ Department of Dermatology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, Japan

Correspondence to *S. Sasaki
Department of Dermatology
Yamagata University School of Medicine
2-2-2, Iida-Nishi
Yamagata 990-9585
Japan
Tel.: +81 23 628 5361
Fax: +81 23 628 5364
e-mail: stsasaki@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp

KEYWORDS

hypertrichosis • isopropyl unoprostone • latanoprost • mouse hair • prostaglandin F₂_α

Sasaki S, Hozumi Y, Kondo S. Influence of prostaglandin F_2α and its analogues on hair regrowth and follicular melanogenesis in a murine model.

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Latanoprost and isopropyl unoprostone, which are analogues of prostaglandin F_2α (PGF_2α), are promising drugs for the reduction of intra-ocular pressure. However, they have been reported to have side effects, including hypertrichosis and hyperpigmentation of the eyelashes and periocular skin, and occasionally poliosis. In order to investigate these effects further, PGF_2α, latanoprost and isopropyl unoprostone were applied to the dorsal skin of 7-week-old C57BL/6 mice, and hair length was measured during the treatment. The three molecules all showed stimulatory effects on the murine hair follicles and the follicular melanocytes in both the telogen and anagen stages, and stimulated conversion from the telogen to the anagen phase. PGE₂ is known to act synergistically with PGF_2α, and hence the influence of PGE₂ was also examined. PGE₂ did not induce distinct telogen-to-anagen conversion, but showed moderate growth stimulatory effects on early anagen hair follicles. In addition, we observed a case of hypertrichosis and trichomegaly with an excess of melanogenesis, leading to the emergence of white hair, suggesting that poliosis can occur as a side effect of eye treatment with solutions of PGF_2α analogues. The stimulatory effects of PGF_2αand PGE₂ on hair growth have been discussed with regard to the role of protein kinase C and mast cells.