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Wiley InterScience | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
  Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical CareVolume 15 Issue 3, Pages 174 - 178 Published Online: 23 Aug 2005 © 2009 Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society The Official Journal of the Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society
Abstract | References | Full Text: HTML, PDF (Size: 89K) | Related Articles | Citation Tracking  Original Study Pharmacokinetics of acyclovir in adult horses This study was funded by the American College of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care 2003 Research Award and the Raymond Firestone Research Foundation. The results of this study have been presented in abstract at the 2004 International Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society Meeting in San Diego, CA. Copyright © Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society 2005 KEYWORDS abortion • central nervous system • equine • herpes • respiratory Abstract
Objective: To determine the pharmacokinetics of acyclovir administered intravenously (IV) and orally to healthy adult horses. Design: Random cross-over with an approximate 1-week washout period between trials. Setting: University veterinary medical teaching hospital. Animals: Six healthy adult research herd horses. Interventions and main results: Acyclovir was administered IV (10 mg/kg in 1 L isotonic crystalloid solution over 60 minutes) and orally (20 mg/kg) to healthy adult horses. Plasma samples were obtained and acyclovir concentrations were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Peak concentration (mean±SD) for IV acyclovir was 13.74±5.88 μg/mL at the completion of the 1-hour infusion. The half-life of the distribution phase (α) was 0.16 hours while the half-life of the elimination phase (β) was 9.6 hours. The steady-state volume of distribution was 3.93±1.21 L/kg. We were unable to measure pharmacokinetics after PO acyclovir as plasma concentrations were below the lower limits of detection in all 6 horses. Conclusions: IV administration of acyclovir to healthy adult horses achieves concentrations within the sensitivity range described for equine herpes virus-type 1. The oral bioavailability of acyclovir in horses is low and additional studies are required. | 
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