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Wiley InterScience

Journal of Management Studies

Journal of Management Studies

Volume 43 Issue 7, Pages 1415 - 1436

Published Online: 22 Aug 2006

© 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and Society for the Advancement of Management Studies



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Conceptualizing Knowledge Creation: A Critique of Nonaka's Theory*
Stephen Gourlay 1
  1 Kingston University
Correspondence to  Stephen Gourlay, Kingston Business School, Kingston University, Kingston Hill, Kingston upon Thames KT2 7LB, UK (gourlaysn@kingston.ac.uk).
Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2006

ABSTRACT

abstract  Nonaka's proposition that knowledge is created through the interaction of tacit and explicit knowledge involving four modes of knowledge conversion is flawed. Three of the modes appear plausible but none are supported by evidence that cannot be explained more simply. The conceptual framework omits inherently tacit knowledge, and uses a radically subjective definition of knowledge: knowledge is in effect created by managers. A new framework is proposed suggesting that different kinds of knowledge are created by different kinds of behaviour. Following Dewey, non-reflectional behaviour is distinguished from reflective behaviour, the former being associated with tacit knowledge, and the latter with explicit knowledge. Some of the implications for academic and managerial practice are considered.


DIGITAL OBJECT IDENTIFIER (DOI)
10.1111/j.1467-6486.2006.00637.x About DOI

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