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Wiley InterScience

Child Development

Child Development

Volume 76 Issue 2, Pages 356 - 370

Published Online: 11 Dec 2006

Journal Compilation © 2010 The Society for Research in Child Development, Inc.



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Origins of Individual Differences in Theory of Mind: From Nature to Nurture?
Claire Hughes 1 , Sara R. Jaffee 2 , Francesca Happé 3 , Alan Taylor 3 , Avshalom Caspi 4 and Terrie E. Moffitt 4
  1 University of Cambridge
  2 King's College London and University of Pennsylvania
  3 King's College London
  4 King's College London and University of Wisconsin, Madison
 Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Claire Hughes, Centre for Family Research, University of Cambridge, Free School Lane, Cambridge CB2 3RF, UK. Electronic mail may be sent to ch288@cam.ac.uk.
Copyright © 2005 by the Society for Research in Child Development, Inc.

ABSTRACT

In this study of the origins of individual differences in theory of mind (ToM), the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study sample of 1,116 sixty-month-old twin pairs completed a comprehensive battery of ToM tasks. Individual differences in ToM were striking and strongly associated with verbal ability. Behavioral genetic models of the data showed that environmental factors explained the majority of the variance in ToM performance in this sample. Shared environmental influences on verbal ability had a common impact on ToM and explained more than half the phenotypic correlation between these two skills. Possible underlying proximal mechanisms are discussed, including maternal speech and mind-mindedness, sibling interactions, and peer influences.


DIGITAL OBJECT IDENTIFIER (DOI)
10.1111/j.1467-8624.2005.00850_a.x About DOI

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