Efficacy and safety of high concentration lidocaine for trigeminal nerve block in patients with trigeminal neuralgia

ABSTRACT

Aims: Local anaesthetics, which act as neurolytics and Na⁺ channel blockers, have been used for disrupting the neural firings in certain neuropathic pain conditions. This study was undertaken to investigate the clinical outcome of trigeminal nerve block with 10% lidocaine in the management of trigeminal neuralgia (TN).

Methods: Thirty-five patients with primary TN received trigeminal nerve blocks with 10% lidocaine. Success was defined as complete pain relief or mild pain without medication 1 day after the treatment. We followed the patients up every 2 months assessing for pain recurrence, sensory changes and other complications for a total of 37–45 months (median 43 months).

Results: Twelve of the 35 patients (34.3%) responded favourably to the treatment and were considered as success. Eleven patients experienced complete pain relief and one could tolerate pain without medication 1 day after the blocks, which lasted for 3–172 weeks. Four patients experienced mildly decreased sensation in the region of the face supplied by the nerve 1 day after the blocks; however, all recovered normal skin sensation in 6 months. There was neither allodynia nor other sensory discomfort. The pain intensity and current pain duration before treatment were significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusion: Trigeminal nerve block with high concentration lidocaine (10%) is capable of achieving an intermediate period of pain relief, particularly in patients with lower pain intensity and shorter pain duration prior to the procedure.