Current Issue

Volume 1 Issue 11-12 (November - December 2009)

Special Issue: Special issue: Advances in sports drug testing

Cover Pictures

Cover Picture (p n/a)

Published Online: Jan 27 2010 9:46AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.107

Abstract | Full Text:   HTML,   PDF (Size: 66K)
Save Article

Editorials

Editorial (p 473)

Published Online: Jan 27 2010 9:46AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.114

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   PDF (Size: 31K)
Save Article

Perspectives

The fight against doping: back on track with blood (p 474-478)
Martial Saugy, Neil Robinson, Christophe Saudan
Published Online: Dec 18 2009 5:20AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.93

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   PDF (Size: 763K)
Save Article

Is anti-doping analysis so far from clinical, legal or forensic targets?: The added value of close relationships between related disciplines (p 479-484)
Jordi Segura
Published Online: Sep 22 2009 11:04AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.55

	In addition to methodological similarities, there are many areas of common interest between anti-doping laboratories and those working in the clinical, legal and forensic fields. Recent examples are presented from the author's experience. Case report 1 concerns the clinical relevance of hCG findings in sport drug testing as potential indicators of the presence of a tumour in athletes. Case report 2 refers to difficulties that accredited laboratories can encounter due to differences between national legal systems and the administrative regulation systems of sport authorities. The example involves a network of blood collection for further autologous transfusion. Case report 3 relates to additional forensic-type investigations needed to interpret a situation where intoxication of a whole delegation was responsible for apparent doping cases.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   PDF (Size: 821K)
Save Article

Reviews

Anti-doping testing at the 2008 European football championship (p 485-493)
Marc Vouillamoz, Caroline Thom, Richard Grisdale, Martial Saugy, Sylvain Giraud, Neil Robinson, Günter Gmeiner, Thomas Geisendorfer
Published Online: Jan 27 2010 9:46AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.105

	Big sports events like the 2008 European Football Championship are a challenge for anti-doping activities. This challenges the logistics of sample collection as well as the chemical analyses to be carried out in due time. An overview of the logistics of the anti-doping program and the analytical results of blood profiling and growth hormone testing is presented.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   PDF (Size: 1016K)
Save Article

Research Articles

SARCOSYL-PAGE: a new method for the detection of MIRCERA- and EPO-doping in blood (p 494-504)
Christian Reichel, Friedrich Abzieher, Thomas Geisendorfer
Published Online: Dec 16 2009 3:46AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.97

	Detection of MIRCERA-doping is hampered by the limited excretion of the rather large MIRCERA molecule in urine. Blood (serum, plasma) appears to be the ideal matrix for detecting all forms of ESA-doping, since the apparent molecular masses of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) are different from the mass of human serum EPO (shEPO). SARCOSYL-PAGE, a newly developed method based on the theory of SDS-PAGE, allows the direct detection of MIRCERA, recombinant epoetins (e.g. NeoRecormon, Dynepo, NESP), and shEPO in a single experiment in 200 µL of serum and with high (i.e. femtogram) sensitivity.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   PDF (Size: 5027K)
Save Article

Temporal indication of cannabis use by means of THC glucuronide determination (p 505-510)
Ute Mareck, Nadine Haenelt, Hans Geyer, Sven Guddat, Matthias Kamber, Rudolf Brenneisen, Mario Thevis, Wilhelm Schänzer
Published Online: Jan 27 2010 9:46AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.106

	An assay for the determination of THC glucuronide in human urine is presented and its implementation as complementary indicator for the detection of cannabis misuse in competition is discussed.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   PDF (Size: 165K)
Save Article

Screening for testosterone abuse in male athletes using the measurement of urinary LH, a revision of the paradigm (p 511-517)
Catrin Goebel, Christopher J. Howe, Ken K. Ho, Anne Nelson, Rymantas Kazlauskas, Graham J. Trout
Published Online: Jan 4 2010 5:51AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.71

	The measurement of LH in urine in conjunction with the routine measurement of T/E ratio can be used to markedly improve the efficient detection of testosterone abuse by male athletes. Suppressed LH values can detect testosterone abuse in subjects with low natural T/E ratios, and normal LH values can be used to help eliminate from suspicion those subjects with naturally elevated T/E ratios.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   PDF (Size: 158K)
Save Article

Analysis of non-ketoic steroids 17-methylepithiostanol and desoxymethyl- testosterone in dietary supplements (p 518-525)
Masato Okano, Mitsuhiko Sato, Ayako Ikekita, Shinji Kageyama
Published Online: Dec 9 2009 11:24AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.72

	To investigate the contents of two dietary supplements (EPISTANETM and P-PLEXTM), the GC/MS analysis after the TMS derivatization, LC/MS in APPI and NMR spectroscopy were conducted. Although the labeling of EPISTANETM indicates that it contains 17-methyl-2, 3-epithio-5-androstane-17-ol only, 17-methyl-2,3-epithio-5-androstane-17-ol and desoxymethyltestosterone were identified in the supplement. The results showed that P-PLEXTM contained desoxymethyltestosterone and its isomer 17-methyl-5-androst-3-en-17-ol.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   PDF (Size: 254K)
Save Article

Ethylglucuronide as a potential marker for alcohol-induced elevation of urinary testosterone/epitestosterone ratios (p 526-530)
Joachim Große, Patricia Anielski, Hans Sachs, Detlef Thieme
Published Online: Jan 27 2010 9:46AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.110

	The suitability of ethylglucuronide (EtG) as marker for alcohol-induced changes of the steroid profile monitored in doping analysis was evaluated. In a controlled ethanol ingestion study the formation of EtG was observed to coincide with elevated urinary testosterone/epitestosterone ratios. Similarly, large amounts of EtG were correlated with abnormal steroid profiles found in routine doping samples.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   PDF (Size: 154K)
Save Article

Steroid metabolism in chimeric mice with humanized liver (p 531-537)
Leen Lootens, Peter Van Eenoo, Philip Meuleman, Oscar J. Pozo, Pieter Van Renterghem, Geert Leroux-Roels, Frans T. Delbeke
Published Online: Dec 3 2009 9:17AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.67

	The uPA+/+-SCID mouse model with humanized liver has proven to be a good and appropriate model to mimic human steroid metabolism for those steroids for which it has been validated (methandienone, androst-4-ene-3,17-dione and 19-norandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione). Based on the results of all 3 tested steroids the chimeric mice seem to be a very promising model for the investigation of steroid metabolism.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   PDF (Size: 127K)
Save Article

Detection of mono-hydroxylated metabolites of stanozolol by HPLC-ESI (+) MS/MS in Indian sports persons (p 538-544)
S. Ahi, A. Beotra, S. Jain
Published Online: Jan 4 2010 5:51AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.76

	The abuse of stanozolol is quite widespread in Indian sports persons. The percentage positive of stanozolol in Indian sports persons showed marked increase in the last five years from 31.9% in 2004 to 81.8%. It may be due to the improved detection by more effective LC-MS/MS method.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   PDF (Size: 182K)
Save Article

Application of FAIMS to anabolic androgenic steroids in sport drug testing (p 545-553)
Sven Guddat, Mario Thevis, James Kapron, Andreas Thomas, Wilhelm Schänzer
Published Online: Dec 9 2009 11:24AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.73

	FAIMS (high-Field Asymmetric waveform Ion Mobility Spectrometry) separates gas phase ions based upon their shapes at atmospheric pressure prior to the MS. The key benefit of this technology is the enhancement of specificity which assists and simplifies the detection of trace level compounds. In this work, an improvement for the identification of the banned substances stanozolol, metandienone and trenbolone in sport drug testing could be achieved. The implication of this finding is that athletes dosing with banned substances many weeks prior to a sporting event may be revealed and thus disqualified from competition.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   PDF (Size: 219K)
Save Article

Combination of liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in different scan modes with human and chimeric mouse urine for the study of steroid metabolism (p 554-567)
Oscar J. Pozo, Leen Lootens, Peter Van Eenoo, Koen Deventer, Philip Meuleman, Geert Leroux-Roels, Maria K. Parr, Wilhelm Schänzer, Frans T. Delbeke
Published Online: Oct 26 2009 6:27AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.56

	The application of LC-MS/MS methods based on several scan modes to both human urine and chimeric mouse urine samples as a model for the detection of unknown steroid metabolites has been evaluated. More than 80% of previously detected methandienone metabolites could be detected applying this approach. Additionally, three previously reported metabolites were detected including 6-ene-epimethandienone which was confirmed by the synthesis of the reference compound.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   PDF (Size: 320K)
Save Article

Terbutaline sulfoconjugate: characterization and urinary excretion monitored by LC/ESI-MS/MS (p 568-575)
A. K. Orlovius, S. Guddat, M. K. Parr, M. Kohler, M. Gütschow, M. Thevis, W. Schänzer
Published Online: Dec 10 2009 10:53AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.84

	The -2 agonist terbutaline is excreted in urine beside the parent compound as sulfoconjugate. The sulfoconjugated phase-II metabolite was identified to be the phenolic esterified compound. After characterisation by high resolution/high accuracy Orbitrap mass spectrometry and 1H-NMR, excretion in urine beside the unchanged drug could be determined for 2 to 4 days.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   PDF (Size: 152K)
Save Article

Determination of ¹³C/¹²C ratios of urinary epitestosterone and its main metabolites 5- and 5-androstane-3, 17-diol (p 576-586)
Thomas Piper, Phillip Riemann, Georg Opfermann, Ute Mareck, Hans Geyer, Graziela Vajiala, Ulrich Flenker, Wilhelm Schänzer
Published Online: Sep 22 2009 11:04AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.53

	Epitestosterone (17-hydroxy-androst-4-en-3-one, EpiT) belongs to the list of prohibited substances of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Although it possesses no anabolic effect, it is presumed to be misused by athletes in order to mask administration of testosterone (T) by lowering the urinary T/EpiT ratio. To improve detection, an excretion study with 40 mg of orally administered EpiT was conducted focusing on the metabolites of EpiT: 5- and 5-androstane-3,17 -diol (5aEpiD and 5bEpiD). A reference population of n = 74 volunteers was investigated to elucidate the urinary concentrations of these steroids.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   PDF (Size: 721K)
Save Article

Development of criteria for the detection of adrenosterone administration by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry for doping control (p 587-595)
Lance Brooker, Maria Kristina Parr, Adam Cawley, Ulrich Flenker, Christopher Howe, Rymantas Kazlauskas, Wilhelm Schänzer, Adrian George
Published Online: Jan 27 2010 9:46AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.108

	Adrenosterone (androst-4-ene-3,11,17-trione, 11-oxoandrostenedione) is an endogenous steroid hormone that is promoted as a dietary supplement capable of reducing body fat and increasing muscle mass due to its cortisol modulating properties. Its urinary metabolism was investigated in two male subjects by GC-MS and GC-C-IRMS after a single oral administration. The obtained results were compared to a reference population data set (n = 85), allowing criteria for the doping control of adrenosterone to be proposed.

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   PDF (Size: 272K)
Save Article

Current Awareness

Current Awareness in Drug Testing and Analysis (p 596-611)
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Published Online: Jan 27 2010 9:46AM
DOI: 10.1002/dta.6

Abstract  |  References | Full Text:   PDF (Size: 265K)
Save Article