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  Published on behalf of the American Cancer Society Journal Home | Society | News Product Information | Editorial Board | For Authors | Access Policy | Subscribe | Advertise | Contact | Online Submission Early View(Articles online in advance of print)Original ArticlesDisciplineEpidemiologyEffect of comorbidity and body mass index on the survival of African-American and Caucasian patients with colon cancer (p NA) Comorbidity and body mass index (BMI) were associated independently with mortality after surgery for colon cancer. However, neither comorbidity nor BMI could account for the increased risk of death among African Americans relative to Caucasians. Abstract
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 Disease SiteGenitourinary DiseaseA randomized trial of external beam radiotherapy versus cryoablation in patients with localized prostate cancer (p NA) Disease progression was similar in both arms initially, but with longer follow-up, the trend favored cryoablation. There were significantly fewer positive post-treatment biopsies in the cryoablation arm. Abstract
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Head and Neck DiseaseSurvey on human papillomavirus/p16 screening use in oropharyngeal carcinoma patients in the United States (p NA) According to a nationwide survey, approximately 40.4% of radiation oncology practices in the United States screen for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA or p16 in oropharyngeal carcinomas, whereas only 12.4% of those use it to further direct care. Clinical trials to further elucidate how HPV or p16 DNA status should direct care in oropharyngeal carcinoma are warranted. Abstract
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ErratumErratum (p NA) Abstract | Full Text:
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Original ArticlesDisciplineEpidemiologyThe impact of health insurance status on the survival of patients with head and neck cancer (p NA) Health insurance status is an independent predictor of head and neck cancer survival. Abstract
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Disease SiteNeuro-OncologyDisruption of the blood brain barrier by brain metastases of triple-negative and basal-type breast cancer but not HER2/neu-positive breast cancer (p NA) Brain metastases of triple-negative or basal-type breast cancers often may disrupt the blood brain barrier, whereas brain metastases of HER2/neu-positive breast cancer tend to preserve the blood brain barrier. Abstract
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Original ArticleDisease SiteGynecologic OncologyChemotherapy intensity and toxicity among black and white women with advanced and recurrent endometrial cancer : A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study (p NA) Black patients with advanced stage or recurrent endometrial cancer, treated on 4 Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) protocols, had similar dose intensity and severe chemotherapy-related toxicity compared with white patients. This suggests that previously described racial disparities in survival among patients in GOG trials may have a novel etiology. Abstract
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Original ArticlesDisease SiteHematologic MalignanciesResidual serum monoclonal protein predicts progression-free survival in patients with previously untreated multiple myeloma (p NA) In the current era of immunomodulatory agents in multiple myeloma, response criteria determined solely by the baseline and the best level of reduction in the tumor estimate, with little emphasis given to the trend in reduction of the tumor marker, may no longer be adequate. The treatment-based trend metric of average reduction in the percentage of serial serum monoclonal protein measurements remaining relative to baseline, as proposed in this work, demonstrated better predictive ability than response-based metrics for progression-free survival. Abstract
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CommentaryAddressing cancer health disparities using a global biopsychosocial approach (p NA) The Center for Research on Minority Health has translated the biopsychosocial framework to address global cancer health disparities through the integration of biological and behavioral determinants, along with community-based research and educational approaches. In this article, the authors illustrate how to implement the biopsychosocial approach to more comprehensively and effectively address cancer health disparities. Abstract
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Original ArticlesDisease SiteGenitourinary DiseaseUrinary diversion and morbidity after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer (p NA) The rate of continent urinary diversion after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer varies by patient and provider characteristics. In the current study, among patients undergoing radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer, postoperative morbidity and mortality outcomes did not vary by diversion type. Abstract
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Head and Neck DiseaseA phase 2 study of platinum and gemcitabine in patients with advanced salivary gland cancer : A Trial of the NCIC Clinical Trials Group (p NA) In patients with advanced salivary gland cancers, platinum-gemcitabine combination chemotherapy was found to have modest activity but was insufficient to warrant further study. Enrollment of patients with these rare cancers onto well-designed clinical trials remains an urgent priority. Abstract
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Original articlesDisease SiteHematologic MalignanciesExpression of interleukin 15 in primary adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (p NA) High expression of IL-15 correlates with disease recurrence of adult B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Abstract
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Original ArticlesDisciplineSymptom Control and Palliative CareA multidimensional examination of correlates of fatigue during radiotherapy (p NA) Fatigue is comprised of multiple dimensions. The objective of the current study was to investigate cancer-related fatigue in a radiotherapy sample using a multidimensional conceptualization to determine whether correlates of fatigue are consistent across all dimensions or whether each fatigue dimension has its own unique pattern of correlates. Abstract
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Disease SiteGenitourinary DiseaseStage migration and increasing proportion of favorable-prognosis metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients : Implications for clinical trial design and interpretation (p NA) The risk-group distribution for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients in the clinical trial population at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center has shifted from 1975 to 2007. These shifts have direct implications for data analysis, interpretation of metastatic RCC trends, and drug development. Abstract
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EditorialsWe need better randomized comparison trials of prostate cancer (p NA) More than 50 years after the first randomized oncology trial, the number of randomized trials comparing differing primary treatments for prostate cancer is disappointing. One of these rare, randomized primary treatment comparisons appears in this edition of Cancer, and the investigators are to be congratulated for their efforts comparing cryotherapy with external beam radiotherapy. Abstract
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Original ArticlesDisciplineClinical TrialsResults of the first phase 1 clinical trial of the HER-2/neu peptide (GP2) vaccine in disease-free breast cancer patients : United States Military Cancer Institute Clinical Trials Group Study I-04 (p NA) This article describes the results of the first phase 1 trial of the HER-2/neu peptide (GP2) vaccine in breast cancer patients. Results show that the vaccine appears safe and well tolerated, with minimal local/systemic toxicity, and that it elicits HER-2-neu-specific immune responses. Abstract
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Disease SiteSarcomaQuantitative F18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography accurately characterizes peripheral nerve sheath tumors as malignant or benign (p NA) Quantitative F18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging distinguished between malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors and neurofibromas with high accuracy. In contrast, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors and schwannomas were less reliably distinguished. Abstract
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DisciplineSymptom Control and Palliative CareMethadone initiation and rotation in the outpatient setting for patients with cancer pain (p NA) Outpatient methadone initiation and rotation for cancer pain treatment showed very high success rates (92% and 84%, respectively). The use of methadone was associated with decreased frequency of opioid toxicities. Abstract
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Disease SiteSarcomaThe value of local treatment in patients with primary, disseminated, multifocal Ewing sarcoma (PDMES) (p NA) Our data on the value of local treatment in patients with primary, extrapulmonary, metastatic Ewing sarcoma suggest that local treatment of involved sites improves the prognosis and should complement systemic treatment whenever possible. Abstract
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MelanomaIsolated limb infusion with cytotoxic agents: A simplified approach for venous access (p NA) As evinced by the significantly lower fluoroscopy time needed for combined arterial and venous catheter placement for isolated limb infusion using a novel modified technique, our results demonstrate that the ipsilateral venous access approach is technically easier than the conventional contralateral venous approach. Abstract
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Hematologic MalignanciesDasatinib 100 mg once daily minimizes the occurrence of pleural effusion in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase and efficacy is unaffected in patients who develop pleural effusion (p NA) In patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase, dasatinib 100 mg once daily significantly minimized the occurrence of pleural effusion. Dasatinib short-term and long-term efficacy was similar in patients with or without pleural effusion. Abstract
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DisciplineSymptom Control and Palliative CarePlacebo and nocebo effects in randomized double-blind clinical trials of agents for the therapy for fatigue in patients with advanced cancer (p NA) In the current study, placebo and nocebo effects occurred frequently in advanced cancer patients with fatigue (56% and 71%, respectively). These results should be considered in designing future fatigue trials. Abstract
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Clinical TrialsA phase 2 trial exploring the effects of high-dose (10,000 IU/day) vitamin D3 in breast cancer patients with bone metastases (p NA) High-dose vitamin D is safe in patients without comorbid conditions causing hypersensitivity to vitamin D. However, when given to patients with metastatic breast cancer to bone, it did not reduce bone resorption markers, nor was it associated with a significant palliative benefit. Abstract
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Disease SiteBreast DiseaseAntimullerian hormone and inhibin B are hormone measures of ovarian function in late reproductive-aged breast cancer survivors (p NA) Antimullerian hormone and inhibin B are 2 additional measures of postchemotherapy ovarian function in late reproductive-aged breast cancer survivors. These hormones may supplement limited current tools for assessing and predicting postchemotherapy ovarian function. Abstract
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MelanomaPhase 2 trial of combination thalidomide plus temozolomide in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma: Southwest Oncology Group S0508 (p NA) This combination of thalidomide and temozolomide does not appear to have a clinical benefit that exceeds dacarbazine alone. We would not recommend it further for phase 3 trials or for standard community use. Abstract
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DisciplineClinical TrialsToxicity report of a phase 1/2 dose-escalation study in patients with inoperable, locally advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer with helical tomotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy (p NA) In this phase 1/2 trial, the authors assessed the possibility of radiation dose escalation using helical tomotherapy in a concurrent approach for unselected patients with inoperable, locally advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer. The maximum tolerated dose was set at 67.2 grays, and cisplatin/docetaxel was given weekly, resulting in an acceptable acute and late toxicity profile with a 61% response rate. Abstract
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Disease SiteMelanomaCharacteristics associated with early and late melanoma metastases (p NA) The authors performed a nested case-control study comparing 549 patients who had melanoma and developed metastases, including 320 patients who developed metastasis within 3 years after undergoing definitive surgery (early metastasis [EM]) and 70 patients who developed metastasis Abstract
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Lung DiseaseModeling excess lung cancer risk among screened arm participants in the Mayo Lung Project (p NA) The authors fit a modified 2-stage clonal expansion (TSCE) model of excess lung cancer risk to long-term follow-up data from the Mayo Lung Project. The excess lung cancer risk observed among screening arm participants was found to be statistically significant with respect to the TSCE model framework, in part because of the incorporation of key risk correlates of age and screen frequency into the estimation framework. Abstract
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DisciplineTranslational ResearchCytoplasmic mislocalization of the orphan nuclear receptor Nurr1 is a prognostic factor in bladder cancer (p NA) A significant number of deaths from bladder cancer result from inability to predict which patients will have disease recurrence despite seemingly good response to therapy as well as lack of effective salvage therapies in those who do not respond to conventional agents. In this study, the authors demonstrated that the cytoplasmic mislocalization of the orphan nuclear receptor Nurr1 was positively associated with tumor recurrence and poor prognosis in patients with bladder cancer. Abstract
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Pediatric OncologyHealth status of the oldest adult survivors of cancer during childhood (p NA) Adult survivors of childhood cancer aged >50 years report a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease, physical impairments, and fatigue compared with their age-matched relatives, and they remain at risk for treatment-associated premature mortality 40 years after their initial therapy. Abstract
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Original ArticleDisease SiteEndocrine DiseaseTreatment patterns of aging Americans with differentiated thyroid cancer (p NA) Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, the authors demonstrated that elderly patients with differentiated thyroid cancer received less aggressive surgical and radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment than younger patients despite having more advanced disease. The results also demonstrated that both surgical and RAI treatment are associated with improved survival among elderly patients. Abstract
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Original ArticlesDisease SiteNeuro-OncologyThe role of postoperative radiotherapy for the treatment of gangliogliomas (p NA) This study investigated the potential benefit of postoperative radiotherapy for local control (LC) and overall survival (OS) in a series of 402 patients with ganglioglioma. In both low-grade and high-grade tumors, irradiation significantly improved LC but not OS after subtotal resection and should be considered for these patients; whereas, after gross total resection, irradiation did not significantly improve LC or OS and, thus, did not appear to be required. Abstract
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Hepatobiliary DiseaseExcellent outcomes with angiographic subsegmentectomy in the treatment of typical hepatocellular carcinoma : A retrospective study of local recurrence and long-term survival rates in 120 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (p NA) The authors report their successful results using angiographic subsegmentectomy (AS) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The treatment involved the simultaneous embolization of the peripheral feeding artery and the portal vein, and almost all of the HCC and the peripheral liver parenchyma developed complete anatomic necrosis. The authors concluded that AS should be the first-line treatment for patients with stage I and II HCC. Abstract
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Lung DiseaseMulticenter phase 2 study of belotecan, a new camptothecin analog, and cisplatin for chemotherapy-naive patients with extensive-disease small cell lung cancer (p NA) Belotecan, a new camptothecin analogue, when combined with cisplatin, demonstrated promising antitumor activity and a manageable toxicity profile in chemotherapy-naive patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. Abstract
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Gastrointestinal DiseaseModern systemic chemotherapy in surgically unresectable neoplasms of appendiceal origin : A single-institution experience (p NA) Systemic chemotherapy may have a role for patients with surgically unresectable appendiceal neoplasms. Further trials using systemic chemotherapy are warranted in patients who are suboptimal surgical candidates with appendiceal neoplasms. Abstract
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DisciplineSymptom Control and Palliative CareHepatitis B virus reactivation and role of antiviral prophylaxis in lymphoma patients with past hepatitis B virus infection who are receiving chemoimmunotherapy (p NA) All lymphoma patients in hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemic regions should be tested for HBV core antibody in addition to hepatitis B surface antigen. Low rate of HBV reactivation does not support the routine use of antiviral prophylaxis in patients with past HBV infection. Abstract
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CorrespondenceReply to The atypical Spitz tumor of uncertain biologic potential : A series of 67 patients from a single institution (p NA) Abstract
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Original ArticlesDisciplineDiagnostic ImagingMammographic density and the risk of breast cancer recurrence after breast-conserving surgery (p NA) Mammographic breast density is an important risk factor for local breast cancer recurrence. Mammographic density should be taken into consideration when stratifying patients for clinical trials of partial breast radiotherapy. If confirmed, mammographic density might be used to help decide which patients might benefit from radiotherapy. Abstract
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Disease SiteNeuro-OncologyFlavonoids activated caspases for apoptosis in human glioblastoma T98G and U87MG cells but not in human normal astrocytes (p NA) Glioblastoma remains incurable with conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Plant-derived flavonoids induced apoptotic death in human glioblastoma T98G (mutant p53) and U87MG (wild-type p53) cells via activation of multiple mechanisms without affecting human normal astrocytes. Abstract
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Gastrointestinal DiseaseReduced microRNA-218 expression is associated with high nuclear factor kappa B activation in gastric cancer (p NA) Helicobacter pylori infection resulted in decreased microRNA-218 (miR-218) expression. In the current study, reduced miR-218 expression was associated with high nuclear factor Abstract
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Endocrine DiseaseProcalcitonin levels predict clinical course and progression-free survival in patients with medullary thyroid cancer (p NA) The results of the current study demonstrate an independent predictive value of the calcitonin precursor procalcitonin in medullary thyroid cancer. The procalcitonin:calcitonin ratio might represent a novel and easily accessible tool leading to more personalized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for patients with medullary thyroid cancer. Abstract
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DisciplineClinical TrialsBendamustine is effective therapy in patients with rituximab-refractory, indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma : Results from a Multicenter Study (p NA) Single-agent bendamustine demonstrated encouraging efficacy and manageable toxicity in rituximab-refractory and chemotherapy-refractory patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Abstract
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Disease SiteHepatobiliary DiseaseAn animal model for chemotherapy-associated steatohepatitis and its prevention by the oral administration of fatty acid bile acid conjugate (p NA) The current study indicates that C57BL/6 receiving weekly intraperitoneal injections of oxaliplatin at a dose of 6 mg/kg up to a total dose of 24 mg/kg could be used as a model for chemotherapy-associated steatohepatitis (CASH). Oral fatty acid bile acid conjugate therapy reduced the development of CASH in animals that were treated with oxaliplatin. Abstract
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Breast DiseaseProtein phosphatase 2A subunit gene haplotypes and proliferative breast disease modify breast cancer risk (p NA) Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a major cellular phosphatase and plays key regulatory roles in growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. In this study, the authors identified significant risk and protective haplotypes of the PP2A structural regulatory subunit A Abstract
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EditorialsWhere does the combination of sorafenib and interferon in renal cell carcinoma stand? (p NA) Sorafenib can be combined safely with interferon, but the results of a recent randomized, phase 2 trial cast doubt on the value of further evaluating this combination. The renal cell carcinoma field continues to wrestle with the value of combining Abstract
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Original ArticlesDisciplinePediatric OncologyCombination of cladribine plus topotecan for recurrent or refractory pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (p NA) The authors evaluated the maximum tolerated dose and dose-limiting toxicities of a 5-day course of cladribine followed by topotecan in pediatric patients with recurrent/refractory acute myeloid leukemia. This regimen offers a treatment alternative for patients, especially those who have received anthracycline-containing chemotherapy. Abstract
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Disease SiteGastrointestinal DiseaseCystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutations and risk for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (p NA) In a case-control study, the authors comprehensively tested for 39 known CFTR mutations in 949 patients and 13,340 controls. They found an increased risk of pancreatic adenocarcinoma associated with CFTR carrier status (odds ratio [OR], 1.40; P = .027) that was even more marked among patients who were younger at diagnosis (OR, 1.82; P = .01). Abstract
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SarcomaRare incidence of congestive heart failure in gastrointestinal stromal tumor and other sarcoma patients receiving imatinib mesylate (p NA) Cardiotoxicity caused by imatinib mesylate in gastrointestinal stromal tumor and other sarcoma patients is uncommon and manageable, and should not be a reason to withhold imatinib mesylate therapy from cancer patients who would derive benefit. However, the long-term effects of imatinib mesylate on cardiac function remain unknown, and in vitro and in vivo studies support the notion that imatinib mesylate remains a potential cardiotoxin. Abstract
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Genitourinary DiseaseGenistein reverses hypermethylation and induces active histone modifications in tumor suppressor gene B-Cell translocation gene 3 in prostate cancer (p NA) Epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor gene B-cell translocation gene 3 in prostate cancer can be reactivated by genistein induced promoter demethylation and active histone modification. Genistein being a natural, nontoxic, dietary isoflavone may be a novel, advantageous, therapeutic agent for treating prostate cancer. Abstract
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CorrespondencePreoperative assessment enables the early detection and successful treatment of lymphedema (p NA) Abstract
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Original ArticlesDisease SiteMelanomaA phase 2 clinical trial of nab-paclitaxel in previously treated and chemotherapy-naive patients with metastatic melanoma (p NA) Treatment with nab-paclitaxel is active in both chemotherapy-naive and previously treated patients with metastatic malignant melanoma. Survival (pending confirmation in a randomized clinical trial) appeared to be longer than that reported in the literature for such patients. Abstract
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DisciplineCancer DisparitiesRacial differences in treatment and outcomes among patients with early stage bladder cancer (p NA) Black patients with early stage (ie, superficial) bladder cancer fared worse in terms of overall survival compared with white patients. However, this disparity was not attributable to the intensity of the quality of the bladder cancer care delivered. Abstract
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Disease SiteHematologic MalignanciesPrimary plasma cell leukemia : A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database analysis between 1973 and 2004 (p NA) This Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database review of patients with plasma cell leukemia between 1973 and 2004 revealed that those with this disease had a dismal prognosis. Unlike survival with multiple myeloma, there was no evidence of improvement in the survival of patients with plasma cell leukemia over the decades that were studied. Abstract
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Breast DiseaseDisparities in medical care among commercially insured patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer : Opportunities for intervention (p NA) Disparities in medical care for newly diagnosed breast cancer were evident between African-American women and white women despite commercial health plan insurance coverage. Interventions that address the gaps identified are needed. Abstract
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Head and Neck DiseasePrognostic value of quantitative p63 immunostaining in adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary gland assessed by computerized image analysis (p NA) The present study is the first to examine and establish a correlation of the extent of p63 expression with prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma. It is performable on routinely fixed and processed tissue and represents a useful algorithmic method of quantifying p63 immunostaining. Abstract
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Hematologic MalignanciesAcute pulmonary failure during remission induction chemotherapy in adults with acute myeloid leukemia or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (p NA) Acute pulmonary failure during remission induction therapy is a serious complication in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Early acute pulmonary failure remains a serious complication of remission induction therapy, which is often complicated by subsequent other organ failure and death. Abstract
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Extent of disease burden determined with magnetic resonance imaging of the bone marrow is predictive of survival outcome in patients with multiple myeloma (p NA) Magnetic resonance imaging of the bone marrow (BM-MRI) is a novel, noninvasive technique for assessing bone marrow involvement in multiple myeloma. The authors developed a semiquantitative BM-MRI staging system that correlates accurately with other conventional parameters of disease burden and can independently predict survival in patients with multiple myeloma at the time of initial diagnosis. Abstract
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DisciplineMedical OncologyPreliminary characterization of oral lesions associated with inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycin in cancer patients (p NA) Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor-associated stomatitis (mIAS) differed in behavior, appearance, and associated toxicities from mucositis induced by cytotoxic chemotherapy. The results from this study indicated that the similarity between mIAS and aphthous stomatitis may be the basis for an effective approach to its prevention and treatment. Abstract
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Pediatric OncologyThe symptom interval in children and adolescents with soft tissue sarcomas (p NA) This study investigated the effects of symptom interval in a large series of pediatric patients with soft tissue sarcomas, showing that symptom interval was associated with the patient's age and the size, site, and histological subtype of the tumor, and that longer intervals negatively influenced survival, in particular in the case of rhabdomyosarcoma. Abstract
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CorrespondenceThe atypical Spitz tumor of uncertain biologic potential: A series of 67 patients from a single institution (p NA) Abstract
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Original ArticlesDisciplineClinical TrialsResults of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind phase 2/3 study of lenalidomide in the treatment of pretreated relapsed or refractory metastatic malignant melanoma (p NA) An international, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, controlled study assessed the efficacy and safety of lenalidomide treatment in patients with refractory stage IV metastatic malignant melanoma. The study showed that treatment with lenalidomide (25 mg/d) has a manageable safety profile in patients with previously treated metastatic malignant melanoma, but provides no benefit in tumor response, time to progression, or overall survival in these patients. Abstract
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Upfront, randomized, phase 2 trial of sorafenib versus sorafenib and low-dose interferon alfa in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma : Clinical and biomarker analysis (p NA) Untreated patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma had similar outcomes when treated either with sorafenib alone or with sorafenib plus low-dose interferon. Activated protein kinase B may be a predictive biomarker of sorafenib resistance. Abstract
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Disparities ResearchRacial differences in follow-up of abnormal mammography findings among economically disadvantaged women (p NA) In a cohort of economically disadvantaged women, after accounting for the total time to the completion of procedures for the follow-up of abnormal mammography findings, African-American women were less likely than European-American women to complete the recommended procedures. These findings suggest the importance of developing interventions aimed at increasing the timeliness of recommended mammography follow-up among African-American women. Abstract
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ErratumErratum (p NA) Abstract | Full Text:
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Original ArticlesDisciplineOutcomes ResearchPrognostic value of symptom burden for overall survival in patients receiving chemotherapy for advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (p NA) Patient-reported symptom severity indicated increased risk for shorter survival in a group of patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer who qualified for chemotherapy. These findings suggest that an individual patient's symptom severity scores, quickly obtainable in the clinic, might contribute clinically useful information for treatment planning for that patient. Abstract
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Pediatric OncologyInflammatory myofibroblastic tumors in childhood : A report from the Italian Cooperative Group studies (p NA) Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are myofibroblastic lesions with unpredictable biologic behavior that occur in children and young adults. For this report, the authors investigated clinicopathologic features in a series of pediatric IMTs with the objective of identifying morphologic/immunohistochemical prognostic markers. Abstract
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CorrespondenceRacial disparities for uterine corpus tumors : Changes in clinical characteristics and treatment over time (p NA) Abstract
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Racial disparities for uterine corpus tumors : Changes in clinical characteristics and treatment over time (p NA) Abstract
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Review ArticleMetabolic syndrome and hepatocellular carcinoma : Two growing epidemics with a potential link (p NA) Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most rapidly increasing cause of cancer death in the United States, and the metabolic syndrome is reaching epidemic proportions around the world. The results from this review indicated that there is now good evidence that these 2 diseases are linked and that this relation may have crucial screening and treatment implications in the next decades. Abstract
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Original ArticlesDisciplinePediatric OncologyEffect of allopurinol versus urate oxidase on methotrexate pharmacokinetics in children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (p NA) Plasma methotrexate clearance in pediatric patients with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia was found to be significantly lower in patients who received concomitant allopurinol versus nonrecombinant or recombinant urate oxidase during high-dose methotrexate administration. A higher proportion of patients in the allopurinol group had elevated methotrexate plasma concentrations and experienced mucositis after methotrexate treatment compared with patients in the urate oxidase group. Abstract
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CommentaryFinding what is not there : Unwarranted claims of an effect of psychosocial intervention on recurrence and survival (p NA) In a recently published randomized trial, Andersen et al. claimed to find a reduced risk of recurrence and improved survival among women with early stage breast cancer who were assigned to a psychological intervention versus an assessment only group. This commentary challenges their conclusion on methodological and statistical grounds and suggests that making the claim that psychological interventions improve survival is not evidence-based, potentially is harmful, and detracts from the potential significant benefits of psychological interventions related to quality of life. Abstract
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Original ArticlesDisciplinePediatric OncologyImpact of radiation and chemotherapy on risk of dental abnormalities : A report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (p NA) Controlling for chemotherapy and socioeconomic factors, radiation exposure of Abstract
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Medical OncologyPhase 2 trial results with the novel neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist casopitant in combination with ondansetron and dexamethasone for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (p NA) The addition of different dose regimens of the neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist casopitant to standard ondansetron/dexamethasone antiemetic prophylaxis increased the proportion of patients that achieved a complete response over the first 5 days after moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. Abstract
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Disease SiteGenitourinary DiseaseNonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs : Effects on mortality after colorectal cancer diagnosis (p NA) The association between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use and mortality after a colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis was investigated among women in the California Teachers Study cohort. A total of 621 CRC cases were identified for analysis. Among CRC cases, prediagnosis regular NSAID use and prediagnosis prolonged NSAID duration independently predicted decreased CRC-specific mortality after adjustment for relevant clinical factors. Abstract
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CorrespondenceReply to Limited prognostic value of the 2004 International Union Against Cancer staging classification for adrenocortical carcinoma : Proposal for a revised TNM classification (p NA) Abstract
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Limited prognostic value of the 2004 International Union Against Cancer staging classification for adrenocortical carcinoma : Proposal for a revised TNM classification (p NA) Abstract
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Review ArticlesThromboprophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin in medical patients with cancer (p NA) To improve appropriate prevention of venous thromboembolism in cancer patients and to improve clinical outcomes, widespread dissemination and use of evidence-based guidelines, such as those from the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, are needed. Low-molecular-weight heparins are recommended commonly for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized cancer patients and in higher risk ambulatory cancer patients. Abstract
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Original ArticlesDisease SiteMelanomaIs there a benefit to sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with T4 melanoma? (p NA) Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy for clinically lymph node-negative T4 melanoma is strongly indicated regardless of Breslow depth, as SLN status is the most significant prognostic sign among these patients. Nonulcerated T4 patients with a negative SLN have an excellent prognosis and should not be considered candidates for adjuvant high-dose interferon. Abstract
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Genitourinary DiseasePrognostic significance of lymph node invasion in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma : A population-based perspective (p NA) Lymph node stage is an important predictor of survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (MRCC) who are treated with cytoreductive nephrectomy. Therefore, it should be included in future prognostic models designed for MRCC patients. Abstract
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EditorialPsychosocial interventions in breast cancer : To light a candle (p NA) A broad literature supports the importance of lifestyle, stress, and other psychosocial variables as independent risk factors for cancer and other diseases. To alleviate their effects, progress can be made through well-designed clinical trials. Abstract
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Hepatoblastoma, cisplatin, and ototoxicity : Good news on deaf ears (p NA) Young infants with hepatoblastoma now have an excellent chance of cure, but many will be left with significant cisplatin-related hearing loss, which may impair their language and social development and may affect later learning with a lifetime of hearing loss. A report from the Children's Oncology Group of a randomized trial of amifostine for the prevention of platinum-related toxicity in infants with hepatoblastoma demonstrated that amifostine has no benefit in reducing cisplatin ototoxicity. Several new agents, such as sodium thiosulfate, currently are entering clinical trials as otoprotectants; however, as the goal for some childhood malignancies shifts from disease cure to enhancing the quality of long-term survival, there is a need to ensure that the design and conduct of cancer-control trials are as rigorous as those directed toward curing disease. Abstract
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Original ArticlesDisease SiteGenitourinary DiseaseRisk of dying from prostate cancer in men randomized to screening : Differences between attendees and nonattendees (p NA) Although the true benefits and disadvantages of prostate cancer screening are still not known, the analysis of fatal cases is important for contributing to the knowledge of the effects of prostate cancer screening on mortality. The Swedish branch of the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer found that nonattendees in prostate cancer screening constitute a high-risk group for death from both prostate cancer and other unrelated causes. Abstract
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Review ArticlesHuman papillomavirus vaccination in survivors of childhood cancer (p NA) Effective vaccination is now available to prevent human papillomavirus (HPV), the most common sexually transmitted infection and the cause of cervical cancer, the second most common cancer among women worldwide. The purpose of this article is to describe the HPV vaccine and its usefulness in the survivorship population, provide a rationale for describing cancer survivors as being at increased risk for HPV complications, identify factors associated with HPV vaccination, and discuss the utilization of these predictors in designing strategies to promote adherence to HPV vaccination recommendations within the survivorship context. Abstract
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Original ArticlesDisciplinePediatric OncologyAmifostine does not prevent platinum-induced hearing loss associated with the treatment of children with hepatoblastoma : A report of the Intergroup Hepatoblastoma Study P9645 as a part of the Children's Oncology Group (p NA) Amifostine in the doses and schedule used in Children's Oncology Group Study P9645 failed to significantly reduce the incidence of hearing loss and other platinum-induced toxicities in patients with hepatoblastoma. Abstract
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Disease SiteNeuro-OncologyOutcome and prognostic features in pediatric gliomas : A review of 6212 cases from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (p NA) In an analysis of 6212 patients younger than 20 years at diagnosis of glioma (1973-2005), tumor grade was the most significant independent prognostic factor except among patients younger than 1 year, in whom extent of resection was most significant. Despite its limitations, the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database provides a useful tool for studies of rare tumors such as pediatric gliomas. Abstract
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Gynecologic OncologySmall interfering RNA-mediated down-regulation of SPAG9 inhibits cervical tumor growth (p NA) Earlier work revealed a significant association of SPAG9 expression in the early spread of cervical cancer, making it an attractive therapeutic target. A small interfering RNA approach was used to specifically knock down the expression of SPAG9. Findings demonstrated that knockdown of SPAG9 expression by small interfering RNA significantly suppressed cellular motility and tumor growth of cervical squamous cell carcinoma in vivo. Small interfering RNA-mediated down-regulation of SPAG9 represents a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of cervical cancer. Abstract
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CorrespondenceA prospective feasibility trial to determine the significance of the sentinel node gradient in breast cancer : A predictor of nodal metastasis location (p NA) Abstract
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Original ArticlesDisease SiteNeuro-OncologyLong-term surgical outcomes of temporal lobe epilepsy associated with low-grade brain tumors (p NA) In analyses of 87 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy associated with a low-grade brain tumor, the actuarial seizure and tumor control rates at the fifth year postoperatively were 79% and 90%, respectively. Complete resection of the tumor was important for both seizure and tumor control. For tumors confined to the amygdala or the parahippocampal gyrus, tailored resection focusing on the tumor resulted in a favorable outcome. Abstract
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Hematologic MalignanciesLeukocytosis at diagnosis and the risk of subsequent thrombosis in patients with low-risk essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera (p NA) In this large study of 407 patients with low-risk essential thrombocythemia or polycythemia vera, leukocytosis at the time of diagnosis was not found to predict subsequent thrombotic complications. Advanced age was found to be significantly associated with arterial thrombosis in patients with polycythemia vera and a higher hemoglobin level with venous thrombosis in patients with essential thrombocythemia. Abstract
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Superior outcome with hypomethylating therapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome and chromosome 5 and 7 abnormalities (p NA) The outcome of patients with acute myeloid leukemia and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome with chromosome 5 and 7 abnormalities has been traditionally poor because of their inherent resistance to chemotherapy. Treatment with hypomethylating agents appears to be associated with a better overall survival, particularly for those patients with a lower presenting white cell count. Abstract
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CorrespondenceReply to A prospective feasibility trial to determine the significance of the sentinel node gradient in breast cancer : A predictor of nodal metastasis location (p NA) Abstract
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Original ArticlesDisease SiteHead and Neck DiseaseThe role of salvage surgery in patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (p NA) Age, disease-free interval, recurrent tumor stage, recurrent neck disease, and surgical margins influenced overall survival after surgical salvage in patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (SCCOP). Only a select group of patients with recurrent SCCOP were able to achieve long-term survival after salvage surgery, and favorable candidates were patients who were younger, had a disease-free interval after receiving definitive therapy, had small recurrent tumors for which negative surgical margins could be obtained, and had no recurrent neck disease. Abstract
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Radiotherapy or surgery for head and neck squamous cell cancer : Establishing the baseline for hypopharyngeal carcinoma? (p NA) The objective of this study was to compare the survival outcomes of the 2 traditional treatments for cancer of the hypopharynx. Contrary to the observational study literature, the authors found no survival advantage comparing primary surgery ± radiotherapy with primary radiotherapy with surgical salvage. Abstract
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DisciplineRadiation OncologyThe benefits of adjuvant radiation therapy after therapeutic lymphadenectomy for clinically advanced, high-risk, lymph node-metastatic melanoma (p NA) Adjuvant radiation therapy was associated with improved regional lymph node basin control compared with therapeutic lymphadenectomy alone for patients who had high-risk, clinically advanced, lymph node-metastatic melanoma. The current results indicated that, although it is a regional therapy, adjuvant radiation therapy also may have an impact on disease-specific survival. Abstract
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EditorialsOutcomes after surgery or definitive radiotherapy for hypopharyngeal cancer (p NA) A study reported in this issue of Cancer found no survival advantage for surgery compared with radiotherapy in a large population-based study of patients treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx. However, other endpoints besides survival are important, including locoregional control, complications, and quality of life. Abstract
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Original ArticlesDisease SiteHead and Neck DiseaseLymph node density is a significant predictor of outcome in patients with oral cancer (p NA) In the current study, the authors evaluated the utility of lymph node density (LND) as an alternative method for predicting survival. Multivariate analysis revealed that LND is superior to the conventional lymph node staging system in predicting outcome. Abstract
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Cancer survivorship: Embracing the future North Bethesda, MD (p NA) Abstract | Full Text:
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8 years after undergoing definitive surgery (late metastasis [LM]), with 549 patients who had melanoma and did not develop metastasis. Two previously undescribed risk factors for metastases at any time interval were identified: a personal history of nonmelanoma skin cancer (P = .006) and a history of cancer other than skin cancer (P = .020). The results indicated that, compared with LM patients, EM patients were more likely to have thicker lesions (P < .001), ulcerated lesions (P = .016), and a history of nonmelanoma skin cancer (P = .024).
B activation in gastric cancer.
isoform (PPP2R1A). Women who had both the PPP2R1A risk haplotype and a history of proliferative breast disease had a further elevation in breast cancer risk.
targeted
therapies with cytokines.
